Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm neutron capture thiab absorption yog qhov kev ntes neutron yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov neutron thiab lub nucleus hnyav ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum neutron absorption yog hais txog kev tsim cov nucleus thaum lub nucleus absorbs neutron.
Neutron capture thiab neutron absorption yog ob hom kev tawm tsam nuclear. Ob qho txheej txheem no koom nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov nucleus thiab cov neutron los ua ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm nucleus; Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntes neutron, kev sib tsoo tshwm sim thaum, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem neutron absorption, fission tshwm sim.
Neutron Capture yog dab tsi?
Neutron capture yog ib txoj kev siv nyob rau hauv nuclear reactors qhov twg lub atomic nucleus raug kev sib tsoo nrog ib tug high-ceev neutron. Ntawm no, ib qho atomic nucleus ntawm ib lub caij hnyav sib tsoo nrog ib lossis ntau dua neutrons thiab sib koom ua ke los ua ib qho hnyav atomic nucleus. Yog li, cov txheej txheem no tseem ceeb heev hauv cosmic nucleosynthesis.
Neutron tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias neutrons yog nruab nrab (uas ua rau naming lawv li neutrons). Yog li ntawd, lawv tau yooj yim nkag mus rau txawv teb chaws atomic nucleus. Yog hais tias lawv tau raug them zoo li protons, ces cov protons twb muaj nyob rau hauv nuclei yuav tua cov neutrons tuaj.
Hauv cov tshuab uas peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov neutron me me (piv txwv li: nuclear reactor), lub atomic nucleus captures ib leeg neutron (tshwj tsis yog ntes ob lossis ntau dua neutrons). Piv txwv li, thaum ib txwm tshwm sim kub isotopes yog irradiated los ntawm neutrons, ib qho tsis ruaj tsis khov isotope ntawm kub cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo siab lub xeev, uas sai sai undergoes radioactive decay kom tau nws lub hauv av. Ntawm no, tus lej loj nce los ntawm ib qho vim 197 Au hloov mus rau 198 Au. Gamma rays yog emissions thaum lub sij hawm radioactive decay txheej txheem. Ntxiv mus, yog peb siv thermal neutrons nyob rau hauv no neutron flux, ces tus txheej txheem hu ua thermal capture es tsis yog neutron capture.
Daim duab 01: Neutron Capture Process in Stars
Hauv cov tshuab uas peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov neutron flux siab, xws li hauv cov hnub qub, cov atomic nuclei tsis muaj sijhawm rau cov xov tooj cua tawg ntawm cov txheej txheem neutron-capture. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm atomic nuclei nce maj mam, es tsis txo qis li hauv nuclear reactors. Txawm li cas los xij, tus lej atomic nyob zoo ib yam vim tias cov protons tsis koom nrog cov txheej txheem no. Li no, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam tib yam tshuaj lom neeg (hom tshuaj lom neeg yog txiav txim los ntawm tus lej atomic).
Neutron Absorption yog dab tsi?
Neutron absorption yog cov txheej txheem siv nyob rau hauv nuclear reactors nyob rau hauv uas ib tug atom absorbs ib tug neutron los ua ib tug compound nucleus. Nws yog hom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear uas peb siv hauv nuclear reactors. Ntawm no, hom kev lwj ntawm cov tshiab atomic nucleus tsis nyob ntawm txoj kev uas cov neutron nqus tau tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam ntau yam emissions ua raws li kev nqus. E.g. radioactive capture tshwm sim nyob rau hauv gamma hluav taws xob.
Feem ntau, cov khoom kawg ntawm neutron absorption cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau faib ua ob ntu thaum tso qee cov neutrons thiab ntau lub zog. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua raws li cov kinetics ntawm fission reactions.
Qhov txawv ntawm Neutron Capture thiab Absorption yog dab tsi?
Neutron capture thiab neutron absorption yog ob hom kev tawm tsam nuclear. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm neutron capture thiab absorption yog tias neutron capture yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm neutron thiab lub nucleus hnyav ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum neutron absorption yog hais txog kev tsim cov nucleus thaum lub nucleus absorbs neutron tag nrho.
Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm neutron capture thiab absorption yog tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntes neutron, kev sib tsoo tshwm sim whereas, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem neutron absorption, fission tshwm sim.
Summary – Neutron Capture vs Absorption
Neutron capture thiab neutron absorption yog ob hom kev tawm tsam nuclear. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm neutron capture thiab absorption yog tias neutron capture yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm neutron thiab lub nucleus hnyav ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum neutron absorption yog hais txog kev tsim cov nucleus thaum lub nucleus absorbs neutron tag nrho.
