Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oligopeptide thiab polypeptide yog tias oligopeptides muaj ob peb amino acid residues, hos polypeptides muaj ntau cov amino acid residues.
Cov ntsiab lus oligopeptides thiab polypeptides tuaj nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm cov proteins. Peptides yog luv luv chains ntawm amino acids. Amino acids khi nrog ib leeg los ntawm peptide bonds. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov peptides raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov amino acids tam sim no hauv cov peptides. Piv txwv li, dipeptides, tripeptides, tetrapeptides, oligopeptides, thiab polypeptides.
Oligopeptide yog dab tsi?
Oligopeptide yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov amino acids uas muaj cov amino acids me me rau ib lub molecule. Peb feem ntau hu cov molecules "peptides," raws li lub ntsiab lus dav dav. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov amino acid residues tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov peptide molecules tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ob mus rau nees nkaum amino acids. Oligopeptides kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog qee cov peptide me me xws li dipeptides, tripeptides, thiab lwm yam. Qee cov piv txwv ntawm oligopeptides tshwm sim muaj xws li microviridin, cyanopeptolins, microcystins, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Tus qauv ntawm Tripeptide
Cov oligopeptides no yog tsim los ntawm nonribosomal peptides synthases lossis NRPS. Tab sis muaj qee qhov kev zam. Piv txwv li, cyclamide thiab microviridin yog synthesized los ntawm txoj kev ribosomic. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais ntawm oligopeptides suav nrog oligopeptide enrichment, purification, thiab kev txheeb xyuas. Rau cov txheej txheem txheeb xyuas, peb tuaj yeem siv gel chromatography, HPLC, HPLC-mass spectroscopy, ion-exchange chromatography, thiab lwm yam.
YPolypeptide yog dab tsi
Y A polypeptide yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov amino acid residue uas muaj ntau cov amino acids. Ib qho protein muaj ib los yog ntau dua polypeptide chains. Nyob rau hauv cov polypeptide chains, cov amino acids yog txuas rau ib leeg ntawm peptide bonds, uas yog ib hom ntawm covalent tshuaj bonds. Txhua polypeptide saw muaj ob lub davhlau ya nyob twg: N-terminal thiab C-terminal. N-terminal yog cov amino-terminal, uas xaus nrog ib pawg amino dawb, thaum C-terminal yog carboxyl-terminal uas xaus nrog pawg dawb carboxyl. Cov kab ke ntawm cov amino acids tam sim no nyob rau hauv peptide yog txiav txim los ntawm cov codons hauv mRNA uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov polypeptide lossis cov protein los ntawm kev txhais cov qauv strand.
Raws li tus lej thiab kev npaj ntawm polypeptides hauv cov protein, muaj plaub yam loj ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no:
- Primary qauv - Cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov protein muaj ib txoj hlua polypeptide uas muaj cov txuas txuas ntawm cov amino acids ntawm qee cov amino acids nyob rau hauv tib cov saw, uas ua rau cov qauv folded.
- Cov qauv Secondary - Cov qauv thib ob ntawm cov protein muaj ob hom loj: alpha-helix qauv thiab beta-daim ntawv qauv.
Daim duab 02: Alpha Helix Structure
- Tertiary qauv - Qhov no yog cov qauv sib koom ua ke ntau heev. Cov qauv no tseem ceeb heev vim tias nws txiav txim siab ua haujlwm ntawm cov protein.
- Quaternary qauv - Qhov no yog cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lossis peb txoj hlua polypeptide uas txuas rau ib leeg.
Qhov txawv ntawm Oligopeptide thiab Polypeptide yog dab tsi?
Oligopeptides thiab polypeptides yog ob pawg sib txawv ntawm cov proteins. Lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus amino acid residues nyob rau hauv cov protein molecules. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oligopeptide thiab polypeptide yog tias oligopeptides muaj ob peb amino acid residues, hos polypeptides muaj ntau cov amino acid residues.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm oligopeptide thiab polypeptide.
Summary – Oligopeptide vs. Polypeptide
Oligopeptides thiab polypeptides yog ob pawg sib txawv ntawm cov proteins. Lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg, nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus amino acid residues nyob rau hauv cov protein molecules. Ntawd yog, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oligopeptide thiab polypeptide yog tias oligopeptides muaj ob peb amino acid residues, whereas polypeptides muaj ntau cov amino acid residues.
