Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm formamide thiab formaldehyde yog cov formamide yog amide, tab sis formaldehyde yog ib qho aldehyde.
Formamide thiab formaldehyde yog cov organic tebchaw tseem ceeb. Ob lub tebchaw no muaj lawv pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog hydrogen atom. Yog li ntawd, formamide muaj ib pab pawg amide txuas nrog hydrogen pawg, thiab formaldehyde muaj ib pawg carbonyl txuas nrog hydrogen atom. Ntxiv mus, cov no yog cov tswv cuab tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw ua ke; piv txwv li formamide yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov aliphatic amides thaum formaldehyde yog cov tswv cuab tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm pawg aldehyde.
Formamide yog dab tsi?
Formamide yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws aliphatic amide muaj cov tshuaj formula HC(=O)NH2 Qhov no yog amide uas tsim los ntawm formic acid. Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua ntshiab thiab oily uas yog miscible nrog dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj cov ntxhiab tsw zoo li ammonia. Nws qhov hnyav yog 45 g / mol. Lub melting point yog tsawg heev (2 mus rau 3 ° C), tab sis lub boiling point yog siab (210 ° C).
Daim duab 01: Formamide
Yav dhau los, formamide tau tsim los ntawm kev kho cov tshuaj formic acid nrog ammonia. Ntawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua rau ammonium formate, thiab thaum cua sov, nws muab formamide. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev niaj hnub ntawm kev tsim khoom suav nrog carbonylation ntawm ammonia.
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm formamide. Ib qho kev siv tseem ceeb yog cov khoom noj rau kev tsim cov tshuaj sulfa thiab ntau lwm yam tshuaj. Nws kuj tseem ceeb hauv gel electrophoresis ua RNA stabilizer.
Formaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Formaldehyde yog qhov yooj yim aldehyde. Nws cov tshuaj formula yog CH2O, thiab IUPAC lub npe yog Methanal. Ntxiv mus, molar loj ntawm formaldehyde yog 30 g / mol. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub thiab siab, formaldehyde yog cov roj tsis muaj xim. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub melting point ntawm formaldehyde yog −92 ° C, thaum lub boiling point yog -19 ° C. Formaldehyde muaj cov pa roj carbon atom, ob lub hydrogen atoms thiab oxygen atom sib koom ua ke ntawm covalent tshuaj bonds. Cov duab ntawm cov molecule yog trigonal planar.
Daim duab 02: Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde aqueous tov yog flammable thiab corrosive. Thaum npaj cov tshuaj formaldehyde, methanol ntxiv los tiv thaiv formaldehyde los ntawm precipitating li paraformaldehyde. Nyob rau hauv txias txias, formaldehyde nyhav tsim cloudiness nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj vim yog tsim ntawm macromolecules ntawm formaldehyde polymerization.
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm formaldehyde hauv kev lag luam thiab lwm qhov chaw. Nws yog siv los ua ib qho precursor rau ntau cov txheej txheem organic synthesis; Piv txwv li, resins xws li melamine resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob ntawm cov ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, formaldehyde yog tshuaj lom thiab paub tias yog carcinogenic.
Qhov txawv ntawm Formamide thiab Formaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Formamide thiab formaldehyde yog cov organic tebchaw tseem ceeb. Ob lub tebchaw no muaj lawv pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog hydrogen atom. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm formaldehyde thiab formaldehyde yog cov formamide yog amide, hos formaldehyde yog ib qho aldehyde. Tsis tas li, formamide yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws aliphatic amide thiab muaj cov tshuaj formula HC(=O)NH2 thaum formaldehyde yog qhov yooj yim aldehyde nrog cov tshuaj formula CH 2 O.
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm formamide. Qee qhov tseem ceeb suav nrog kev siv nws los ua khoom noj rau kev tsim cov tshuaj sulfa thiab ntau lwm yam tshuaj, tsim cov hydrogen cyanide, thiab RNA stabilizer hauv gel electrophoresis. Formaldehyde, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog siv los ua tus thawj coj rau ntau cov txheej txheem organic synthesis; nyob rau hauv resins, xws li melamine resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, thiab lwm yam.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm formamide thiab formaldehyde.
Summary – Formamide vs Formaldehyde
Hauv luv luv, formamide thiab formaldehyde yog cov organic tebchaw tseem ceeb. Ob lub tebchaw no muaj lawv pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog hydrogen atom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm formamide thiab formaldehyde yog cov formamide yog amide, tab sis formaldehyde yog ib qho aldehyde.
