Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib npaug tas li thiab qhov tsim tsis tu ncua yog qhov sib npaug tas li yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom thiab cov concentrations ntawm reactants ntawm equilibrium whereas formation tas li yog qhov sib npaug tas li rau kev tsim cov kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm nws cov khoom..
Qhov sib npaug tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev piav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov xeev sib txawv. Formation tas li yog ib hom equilibrium tas li uas yog tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim ib qho kev sib koom ua ke; Piv txwv li, complex ion.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov Equilibrium?
Equilibrium tas li yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom thiab cov concentrations ntawm reactants ntawm equilibrium. Lo lus no tsuas yog siv nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas nyob hauv kev sib npaug. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv quotient thiab qhov sib npaug tas li yog tib yam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas nyob hauv qhov sib npaug.
Qhov sib npaug tas li kuj tau muab raws li qhov kev xav tau nce mus rau lub zog ntawm stoichiometric coefficients. Lub equilibrium tas li yog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov system txiav txim siab vim qhov kub thiab txias cuam tshuam rau kev solubility ntawm cov khoom thiab lub ntim expansion. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug tas li tsis suav nrog cov ntsiab lus hais txog cov khoom khib nyiab uas muaj nyob hauv cov reactants lossis cov khoom. Tsuas yog cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kua theem thiab gaseous theem yog xam.
Piv txwv li, cia peb xav txog qhov sib npaug ntawm carbonic acid thiab bicarbonate ion.
H2CO3 (aq) ↔ HCO3–(aq) + H+ (aq)
Qhov sib npaug tsis tu ncua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no yog muab raws li hauv qab no.
Equilibrium Constant (K)=[HCO3–(aq)] [H+ (aq)] / [H 2CO3 (aq)
Daim duab 01: Qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv thaum lawv nyob hauv cov tshuaj Aqueous
Formation Constant yog dab tsi?
Tsim tas li yog qhov sib npaug tas li rau kev tsim cov kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm nws cov khoom hauv kev daws teeb meem. Peb tuaj yeem txhais nws li Kf. Qhov kev sib npaug no feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim cov ions nyuaj. Cov khoom uas peb xav tau rau kev tsim cov ion complex yog hlau ions thiab ligands.
Ib daim ntawv nyuaj vim yog Lewis acid-puag kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlau ions thiab ligands. Cov hlau ion ib txwm nqa tus nqi zoo thiab nws ua raws li Lewis acid thaum lub ligand yuav tsum nqa ib lossis ntau dua ib leeg electron khub los ua Lewis puag. Cov hlau me me muaj qhov ua tau zoo los tsim cov ions nyuaj vim tias lawv muaj qhov ceev ceev.
Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem ion nyuaj yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qib uas suav nrog tag nrho cov kauj ruam koom nrog ntxiv ntawm ligands ib qho los ntawm ib qho; Yog li, cov kauj ruam no muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm tus kheej thiab. Piv txwv li, kev tsim ntawm tooj liab-ammonium complex ion muaj plaub kauj ruam. Yog li ntawd nws muaj plaub qhov sib npaug sib txawv tas li: K1, K2, K3 thiab K4. Tom qab ntawd, qhov tsim tsis tu ncua rau tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li hauv qab no:
Kf=K1K2K3 K4
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua thiab tsim qhov tsis tu ncua?
Qhov sib npaug tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev piav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov xeev sib txawv, thaum qhov tsim tas li yog hom kev sib npaug tas li. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib npaug tsis tu ncua thiab tsim tas li yog qhov sib npaug tas li yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom thiab cov concentrations ntawm reactants ntawm qhov sib npaug, whereas qhov tsim tas li yog qhov sib npaug tas li rau kev tsim cov kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm nws cov khoom.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug tsis tu ncua thiab tsim qhov tsis tu ncua.
Summary – Equilibrium Constant vs Formation Constant
Qhov sib npaug tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev piav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov xeev sib txawv thaum tsim tas li yog hom kev sib npaug tas li. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib npaug tas li thiab qhov tsim tsis tu ncua yog qhov sib npaug tas li yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom thiab cov concentrations ntawm reactants ntawm qhov sib npaug, whereas qhov tsim tas li yog qhov sib npaug tas li rau kev tsim cov kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm nws cov khoom.
