Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau tsis yog hlau oxides yog cov hlau oxides yog cov sib txuas yooj yim whereas cov nonmetal oxides yog cov tshuaj acidic.
Cov "oxides" yog ib pawg loj ntawm cov tebchaw uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ua ke tseem ceeb rau oxygen atoms. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa roj carbon monoxide tsis tsim cov khoom sib xyaw no vim lawv qhov tsis zoo thiab kev ruaj ntseg dua. Feem ntau ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetals tsim oxides nrog sib txawv oxidation xeev thaum ib co lwm yam tshuaj tsim oxides nrog ib tug ruaj oxidation xeev; Piv txwv li, magnesium tsim tsuas yog magnesium oxide uas muaj cov tshuaj formula MgO thaum Vanadium tsim ntau oxides xws li V 2 O 3 thiab V 2O5
Hlau oxides yog dab tsi?
Hlau oxides yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov hlau khi tseem ceeb nrog oxygen atoms. Hauv cov tebchaw no, cov pa oxygen yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov anion ntawm cov compound uas muaj -2 oxidation xeev. Yog li ntawd, hlau yog cation ntawm lub compound. Cov hlau uas tsim oxides yog nyob rau hauv alkali hlau pawg (pab pawg 1 lub ntsiab), alkaline ntiaj teb hlau (paub pawg 2 ntsiab) thiab d thaiv cov ntsiab lus nrog rau kev hloov hlau. Lawv tsim ib qho ionic oxide, lub ntsiab lus, cov oxide compounds lawv tsim muaj qhov xwm txheej ionic. Tab sis qee cov tshuaj lom neeg tsim cov oxides nrog covalent xwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntsiab lus tshuaj uas qhia cov oxidation ntau dua.
Daim duab 01: Silver(II) Oxide
Feem ntau, cov hlau oxides yog crystalline solids thiab feem ntau yog cov ntsiab lus yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog dej kom muab cov tshuaj alkaline. Ntxiv mus, lawv tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub los tsim cov ntsev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv neutralization. Txawm hais tias yuav luag tag nrho cov oxides muaj cov pa nrog -2 oxidation xeev, muaj peev xwm muaj oxides nrog -1 thiab -1/2 oxidation xeev; Peb hu lawv peroxides thiab superoxides feem. Tus naj npawb ntawm oxygen atoms nyob rau hauv cov tebchaw nyob ntawm oxidation lub xeev ntawm cov hlau.
Piv txwv rau cov hlau oxides:
- Sodium oxide (Na2O)
- Magnesium oxide (MgO)
- Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
- Silver oxide (AgO)
Nonmetal Oxides yog dab tsi?
Nonmetal oxides yog cov tshuaj inorganic cov tshuaj uas muaj cov nonmetals khi tseem ceeb nrog oxygen atoms. Yog li ntawd, cov tebchaw no feem ntau muaj p thaiv cov ntsiab lus vim p block ntsiab yog nonmetals peb muaj. Yuav luag tag nrho cov nonmetal oxides yog covalent compounds vim hais tias lawv nyiam sib koom electrons nrog lwm cov atoms, ntawm no, nrog oxygen atoms.
Cov no yog cov tshuaj acidic; Yog li ntawd lawv tsim ib qho acid thaum yaj hauv dej. Vim tib lub laj thawj, lawv tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov hauv paus los tsim cov ntsev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv neutralization. Ntxiv mus, lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov oxyacids uas tuaj yeem tsim hydroxides hauv qhov nruab nrab aqueous.
Daim duab 02: Quart lossis Silicone Dioxide yog Nonmetal Oxide
Piv txwv rau nonmetal oxides:
- Sulfur dioxide (SO2) thiab sulfur trioxide (SO3)
- carbon dioxide (CO2) thiab carbon monoxide (CO)
- Silicone dioxide (SiO2)
- Nitrogen oxides (N2O, NO2, N2O 5)
Qhov txawv ntawm Hlau thiab Nonmetal Oxides yog dab tsi?
Hlau oxides yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov hlau khi tseem ceeb nrog oxygen atoms whereas nonmetal oxides yog inorganic chemical compounds uas tsis yog hlau khi tseem ceeb nrog oxygen atoms. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetal oxides. Ntxiv mus, cov tebchaw no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau tsis yog hlau oxides yog cov hlau oxides yog cov sib txuas yooj yim whereas cov nonmetal oxides yog cov acidic compounds.
Ntxiv mus, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetal oxides hauv lawv cov qauv tshuaj thiab. Feem ntau, hlau oxides yog ionic compounds thaum nonmetal oxides yog covalent compounds. Tsis tas li ntawd, hlau oxides zoo li hnov mob nrog dej los tsim cov tshuaj alkaline tab sis, cov oxides uas tsis yog hlau yuav hnov mob nrog dej los tsim cov kua qaub. Qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetal oxides. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau oxides hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub los tsim cov ntsev thaum, cov hlau tsis yog hlau oxides hnov mob nrog cov hauv paus los ua cov ntsev.
Summary – Hlau vs Nonmetal Oxides
Oxides yog cov tshuaj sib txuas uas muaj hlau lossis cov hlau tsis muaj hlau khi nrog ib lossis ntau dua cov pa oxygen. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau tsis yog hlau oxides yog cov hlau oxides yog cov sib txuas yooj yim whereas cov nonmetal oxides yog cov acidic compounds.
