Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm autoionization thiab autoprotolysis yog tias autoionization yog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub xeev nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv lub xeev ionized whereas autoprotolysis yog kev hloov ntawm proton ntawm ob hom tshuaj zoo tib yam los tsim cov ntawv ionized.
Ob nqe lus autoionization thiab autoprotolysis piav qhia txog ob txoj hauv kev tsim cov ionized hom, piv txwv li cations thiab anions. Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej qhov twg ionization tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam.
Autoionization yog dab tsi?
Autoionization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov lub xeev nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv lub xeev ionized. Lo lus feem ntau piav qhia txog ionization ntawm dej molecules. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hu nws tus kheej-ionization ntawm dej los yog nws pib-dissociation ntawm dej thiab. Ntawm no, cov dej molecule deprotonates los tsim ib hydroxide ion, OH– thiab hydrogen ion, H+ (ib proton). Nyob rau hauv no, lub deprotonation tam sim ntawd protonates lwm cov dej molecule thiab ua rau tsim ib hydronium ion (H3O+). Yog li, txoj kev no yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm amphoteric xwm ntawm dej.
Daim duab 01: Tus kheej-ionization ntawm cov dej molecule
Ntxiv mus, cov txheej txheem no piav qhia txog qhov amphoteric xwm ntawm dej. Amphoteric xwm txhais tau hais tias dej tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus vim tias cov autoionization tsim ob qho tib si protons thiab hydroxide ions, uas ua rau cov dej muaj peev xwm ua rau cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus mus rau me ntsis; Piv txwv li, hydronium ion los yog H3O+ ion tuaj yeem cuam tshuam me me hauv paus, thiab hydroxide ions tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub me me.
Autoprotolysis yog dab tsi?
Autoprotolysis yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov proton ntawm cov tshuaj zoo ib yam los tsim hom ionized. Ntawm no, ib qho ntawm ob qho tib si molecules ua raws li Brønsted acid, thiab nws tso tawm proton. Lwm cov molecule tuaj yeem txais qhov no proton. Yog li ntawd, qhov no lwm yam molecule ua raws li Brønsted puag. Self-ionization ntawm dej yog ib qho piv txwv rau autoprotolysis. Tsis tas li ntawd, lo lus no txawv ntawm autoprotonolysis vim tias autoprotonolysis piav qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm acids.
Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas uas tau txais autoprotolysis suav nrog ammonia thiab acetic acid;
Autoprotolysis ntawm Ammonia:
2NH3 ⇌ NH2– + NH4 +
Autoprotolysis ntawm Acetic Acid:
2CH3COOH ⇌ CH3COO– + CH 3
Qhov txawv ntawm Autoionization thiab Autoprotolysis yog dab tsi?
Ob leeg autoionization thiab autoprotolysis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm autoionization thiab autoprotolysis yog tias autoionization yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm lub xeev nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg mus rau hauv lub xeev ionized whereas autoprotolysis yog kev hloov ntawm ib qho proton ntawm ob hom tshuaj zoo tib yam los tsim cov ntawv ionized. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm autoionization yog dej thaum dej, ammonia, acetic acid yog ib co piv txwv rau autoprotolysis.
Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm autoionization (tseem hu ua tus kheej-ionization ntawm dej los yog nws pib-dissociation), ib tug dej molecule deprotonates los ua ib tug hydroxide ion, OH- thiab ib tug hydrogen ion, H + (ib tug proton), Thaum nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm autoprotolysis, ib qho ntawm ob qho tib si molecules koom tes ua raws li Brønsted acid thiab nws tso ib tug proton uas tau txais los ntawm lwm yam molecule uas ua raws li lub Brønsted puag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem autoionization ntawm dej piav qhia txog qhov xwm txheej amphoteric (nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ob qho acids me me thiab me me hauv paus) ntawm dej. Ntawm qhov tod tes, autoprotolysis piav qhia txog amphoteric xwm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li dej, acetic acid thiab ammonia.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm autoionization thiab autoprotolysis.
Summary – Autoionization vs Autoprotolysis
Ob leeg autoionization thiab autoprotolysis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm autoionization thiab autoprotolysis yog tias autoionization yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm lub xeev nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv lub xeev ionized whereas autoprotolysis yog kev hloov ntawm cov proton ntawm ob hom tshuaj zoo tib yam los tsim cov ntawv ionized.
