Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - CRISPR vs RNAi
Genome kho thiab hloov kho noob yog cov kev txaus siab tom ntej hauv cov noob caj noob ces thiab molecular biology. Kev hloov kho noob yog siv dav rau kev tshawb fawb txog noob caj noob ces thiab tseem siv los txheeb xyuas cov khoom ntawm cov noob, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob thiab yuav ua li cas hloov pauv hauv cov noob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws txoj haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los txhim kho txoj hauv kev ua tau zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha los ua kom meej, cov hom phiaj hloov pauv mus rau genome ntawm cov hlwb nyob. Cov txuj ci xws li CRISPR thiab RNAi yog siv los hloov cov noob nrog kev ua haujlwm siab. CRISPR lossis Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis ntev los no tau siv rau eukaryotic noob kho thiab hloov kho. RNAi lossis RNA cuam tshuam yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb rau kev ntsiag to cov noob los ntawm kev qhia me me ob-stranded RNA uas kho nrog nucleic acids thiab tswj cov noob qhia. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CRISPR thiab RNAi.
CRISPR yog dab tsi?
Lub cev CRISPR yog lub cev muaj zog muaj nyob hauv qee cov kab mob xws li E. coli thiab archea. Nws yog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws DNA raws li kev cuam tshuam. Nws yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. CRISPR system muaj ntau yam DNA rov ua dua. Cov ntsiab lus no cuam tshuam nrog luv luv "spacer" ib ntus muab los ntawm txawv teb chaws DNA thiab ntau yam Cas noob. Qee cov Cas genes yog nucleases. Yog li, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho raug xa mus rau CRISPR/Cas system.
Daim duab 01: CRISPR / Cas system
Lub CRISPR/Cas system ua haujlwm hauv plaub kauj ruam.
- Lub kaw lus yog genetic tethering invading phage thiab plasmid DNA ntu (spacers) rau hauv CRISPR loci (hu ua spacer acquisition step).
- crRNA maturation kauj ruam - Tus tswv tsev sau thiab ua cov txheej txheem CRISPR loci los ua kom paub tab CRISPR RNA (crRNA) uas muaj ob qho tib si CRISPR rov hais dua thiab cov ntsiab lus sib xyaw ua ke.
- Kev kuaj pom ntawm crRNA - Qhov no yog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke hauv paus. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev thaum muaj tus kab mob tshwm sim thiab muaj tus kab mob kis.
- Target interference kauj ruam - crRNA kuaj DNA txawv teb chaws, tsim ib qho nyuaj nrog txawv teb chaws DNA thiab tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev tiv thaiv cov DNA txawv teb chaws.
Tam sim no, CRISPR/Cas system yog siv los hloov lossis hloov cov genome ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg los ntawm kev thim rov qab los yog ua kom muaj zog. Cov kab mob mammalian tuaj yeem teb rau CRISPR/Cas9 kho DNA so los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem kho. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv tsis yog homologous kawg koom nrog txoj kev (NHEJ) lossis homology qhia kev kho (HDR). Ob qho tib si kho cov txheej txheem no coj qhov chaw los ntawm kev qhia ob txoj hlua khi. Qhov no ua rau kev kho ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Yog li tam sim no CRISPR / Cas system yog siv rau hauv kev kho mob, biomedical, kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev tshawb fawb.
RNAi yog dab tsi?
RNA cuam tshuam yog ob txoj hlua RNA kho kom haum xeeb, uas yog siv los tswj cov kev qhia gene. Lub ntsiab sib xyaw ua ke yog me me cuam tshuam RNAs (siRNAs). SiRNAs yog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm ob-stranded RNAs nrog 3 'overhang ntawm ob nucleotides, thiab ib pawg 5' phosphate. RNA induced silencing complex (RISC) yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm RNA cuam tshuam uas yuav ua rau degradation ntawm cov noob khi rau siRNA.
Figure 02: RNAi
Txoj kev ntawm RNAi yog raws li hauv qab no.
- Qhov ob-stranded RNA yuav ua tiav hauv cytoplasm los ntawm RNase III-hom endoribonuclease hu ua Dicer los tsim ~ 21 nucleotide ntev siRNAs
- Kev hloov ntawm siRNA khi Dicer rau Argonaute, nrog kev pab los ntawm ob-stranded RNA binding proteins (dsRNABP).
- Kev khi ntawm Argonaute rau ib txoj hlua ntawm duplex (cov lus qhia strand). Qhov no yuav tshem tawm lwm txoj hlua. Qhov no ua rau tag nrho cov protein - RNA complex uas hu ua RISC.
- Kev ua khub ntawm RISC complex nrog ib leeg-stranded qhia RNA khi rau Argonaute.
- Kev ua khub ntawm homologous RNA lub hom phiaj nrog cov lus qhia RNA.
- Ua kom Argonaute ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hom phiaj RNA
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm CRISPR thiab RNAi yog dab tsi?
Ob leeg siv los ua cov noob qhia hloov kho cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb
Qhov txawv ntawm CRISPR thiab RNAi yog dab tsi?
CRISPR vs RNAi |
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| CRISPR yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau siv tsis ntev los no rau eukaryotic noob kho thiab hloov kho. | RNAi yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb kom ntsiag to cov noob los ntawm kev qhia me me ob-kab |
| Txoj kev sib tw | |
| Synthetic RNA (qhia RNA) yog lub hom phiaj ntawm CRISPR. | siRNA is the targeting sequence of RNAi. |
| Kev Ua Haujlwm Hauv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob | |
| Low in CRISPR | High in RNAi |
| Txoj Kev | |
| Knockdown ntawm noob tshwm sim hauv CRISPR. | Knockout / silencing tshwm sim hauv RNAi. |
Summary – CRISPR vs RNAi
CRISPR lossis Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis ntev los no tau siv rau eukaryotic noob kho thiab hloov kho. RNAi lossis RNA cuam tshuam yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb rau kev ntsiag to cov noob los ntawm kev qhia me me ob-stranded RNA uas kho nrog nucleic acids thiab tswj cov noob qhia. Qhov no tuaj yeem raug coj los ua qhov sib txawv ntawm CRISPR thiab RNAi. Ob lub tswv yim, CRISPR / Cas thiab RNAi, yog cov cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev tswj cov noob txawm tias CRISPR / Cas yeej zoo dua rau RNAi vim nws tuaj yeem siv los ntxias ob qho tib si ntxig thiab tshem tawm. Qhov tshwj xeeb kuj tseem siab hauv CRISPR / Cas system.
Download the PDF Version of CRISPR vs RNAi
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm CRISPR thiab RNAi
