Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov molecules thiab cov tebchaw yog cov molecules tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom qub lossis cov ntsiab lus sib txawv thaum cov tebchaw tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau hom tshuaj lom neeg.
Atoms yog cov chav me me uas tsim txhua yam tshuaj lom neeg. Ntxiv mus, atoms tuaj yeem koom nrog lwm cov atoms hauv ntau txoj hauv kev thiab tsim ntau txhiab molecules. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tshwj tsis yog Nobel gases muaj ib qho diatomic lossis polyatomic kev npaj kom ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pub dawb lossis tshem tawm lub peev xwm, lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus cog lus lossis ionic bonds. Qee zaum, muaj qhov tsis muaj zog heev ntawm cov atoms. Molecules thiab cov tebchaw yog ob lo lus kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntau. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom, gaseous lossis kua theem.
Molecules yog dab tsi?
Molecules yog tsim los ntawm chemically bonding ob los yog ntau dua atoms ntawm tib lub caij (xws li: O2, N2) los yog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv (H2O, NH3). Molecules tsis muaj nqi, thiab cov atoms khi ntawm covalent bonds. Ntxiv mus, cov molecules yog loj heev (hemoglobin) los yog tsawg heev (H 2), nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus atoms uas txuas nrog ib leeg los tsim cov molecule.
Cov mis mos molecular muab hom thiab tus lej ntawm atoms hauv ib lub molecule. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov mis empirical muab qhov yooj yim tus lej piv ntawm atoms tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule. Piv txwv li, C6H12O6 yog tus qauv molecular ntawm qabzib, thaum CH 2O is the empirical formula.
Daim duab 01: Ozone yog Homonucelar Molecule
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov molecular mass yog qhov loj suav nrog suav nrog tag nrho cov atoms muab rau hauv cov mis molecular. Txhua molecule muaj nws tus kheej geometry. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug molecule yog teem nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau ruaj khov yam, nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv cog lus lub kaum sab xis thiab daim ntawv cog lus ntev kom txo tau cov repulsions thiab straining rog.
Dab tsi yog Cov Khoom Siv?
Cov tshuaj yog cov tshuaj uas muaj ob lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj sib txawv. Kev sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau dua ntawm tib cov tshuaj tsis yog cov khoom sib txuas. Piv txwv li, diatomic molecules zoo li O2, H2, N2 lossis polyatomic molecules zoo li P 4 tsis yog sib xyaws; peb suav lawv li molecules. NaCl, H2O, HNO3,6H12 O6 yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov sib xyaw ua ke. Yog li ntawd, cov tebchaw yog ib pawg ntawm cov molecules.
Daim duab 02: Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Cov Atoms Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj sib txawv
Ntxiv mus, cov ntsiab lus hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm covalent bonds, ionic bonds, metallic bonds, thiab lwm yam. Cov qauv ntawm cov compound muab cov naj npawb ntawm atoms hauv cov compound thiab lawv cov ratios. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw, cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem. Peb tuaj yeem pom cov ntsiab lus no yooj yim los ntawm kev saib cov tshuaj formula ntawm ib qho chaw sib xyaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tebchaw ruaj khov thiab lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo, xim, khoom, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Molecules thiab Compound yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov molecules thiab cov tebchaw yog cov molecules yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom qub lossis cov ntsiab lus sib txawv thaum cov tebchaw tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau hom tshuaj lom neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv molecules, atoms khi feem ntau ntawm covalent bonds thaum nyob hauv cov tebchaw, cov atoms tuaj yeem khi ntawm covalent, ionic lossis metallic bonds. Ntxiv mus, molecules tuaj yeem yog homonuclear ntawm heteronuclear thaum cov tebchaw yog heteronuclear.
Summary – Molecules vs Compounds
Cov tshuaj yog ib pawg ntawm cov molecules. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov molecules thiab cov tebchaw yog cov molecules tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm tib yam lossis cov ntsiab lus sib txawv, tab sis cov tebchaw tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau hom tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov tebchaw yog molecules tab sis tag nrho cov molecules tsis compounds.
