Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus pub dawb thiab tus txais yog tias tus neeg pub nyiaj hydrogen muaj cov hydrogen atom uas koom nrog kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen whereas hydrogen bond acceptor muaj ib leeg electron khub.
Ib daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm ob lub molecules uas tshwm sim los ntawm electrostatic attraction ntawm ib tug proton nyob rau hauv ib tug molecule thiab ib tug electronegative atom nyob rau hauv lwm yam. Ob lub tebchaw uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus hu ua hydrogen bond donor thiab acceptor.
Hydrogen Bond Donor yog dab tsi?
Hydrogen bond pub yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov protons pub dawb. Ntawm no, protons yog hydrogen atoms. Tus neeg pub nyiaj hydrogen yuav tsum muaj cov hydrogen atoms sib khi rau nws tus kheej. Piv txwv li, dej muaj ob lub hydrogen atom txuas mus rau oxygen atom ncaj qha los ntawm covalent tshuaj bonds. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem tsim hydrogen bonds nrog lwm cov molecules.
Daim duab 01: Hydrogen Bonds Ntawm Dej Molecules
Txawm hais tias aldehydes thiab ketones muaj hydrogen atoms, lawv tsis muaj hydrogen atoms ncaj qha khi rau cov pa atoms. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis yog hydrogen nyiaj pub dawb.
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor yog dab tsi?
Hydrogen daim ntawv lees txais yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib leeg uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen. Qhov sib xyaw no yuav tsum muaj ntau lub atom electronegative (ntau dua electronegative tshaj hydrogen) nrog ib leeg electron khub. Tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem nyiam cov protons los ntawm tus neeg pub dawb. Ntxiv mus, cov electronegative atoms feem ntau koom nrog hydrogen bonding yog oxygen, nitrogen thiab fluorine.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Hydrogen Bond pub thiab txais?
Ib daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen tsim ntawm tus neeg pub khoom noj hydrogen thiab tus txais. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus pub dawb thiab tus neeg txais nyiaj yog tias hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus pub muaj cov hydrogen atom uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen whereas hydrogen bond acceptor muaj ib leeg electron khub. Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus pub dawb thiab txais yog tias tus neeg txais nyiaj hydrogen yuav tsum muaj hydrogen atoms ncaj qha mus rau qhov sib txuas ntawm covalent daim ntawv cog lus thaum tus neeg txais nyiaj hydrogen yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua xws li oxygen, nitrogen thiab fluorine, uas muaj ib leeg electron khub.
Summary – Hydrogen Bond Donor vs Acceptor
Yeej, ib daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog ib daim ntawv cog lus uas tsim los ntawm tus neeg pub khoom noj thiab tus txais. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus pub dawb thiab tus neeg txais kev pab yog tias hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus pub muaj cov hydrogen atom uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen whereas hydrogen bond acceptor muaj ib leeg electron khub.
