Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov endothermic thiab exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov endothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nqus lub zog los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, whereas exothermic reactions tso lub zog rau ib puag ncig.
Lub zog yog lub peev xwm ua haujlwm. Hauv ib qho system, lub zog tuaj yeem ua haujlwm; nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm yam xws li cua sov, suab, lub teeb thiab lwm yam. Thaum lub zog ntawm lub cev hloov pauv vim qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv ntawm qhov system thiab ib puag ncig, peb hais tias lub zog tau hloov pauv raws li cov cua sov. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic yog cov txheej txheem uas lub zog tau txais los ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig rau lub cev, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic yog txheej txheem uas tso tawm lub zog ntawm lub cev mus rau ib puag ncig.
Dab tsi yog Endothermic Reactions?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob endothermic yog txheej txheem uas lub zog tau txais los ntawm nws ib puag ncig, hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshav kub. Yog hais tias ib puag ncig tsis muab cua sov, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tshwm sim. Thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov hlab ntsha cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txias vim nws nqus cua sov los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, yog li txo qhov kub thiab txias.
Txhawm rau rhuav cov tshuaj lom neeg, nws xav tau lub zog. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob endothermic, lub zog sib zog ntawm cov reactants yog siab dua li tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm zog ntawm cov khoom. Yog li, qhov hloov pauv enthalpy yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic, peb yuav tsum muab lub zog los ntawm sab nraud.
Piv txwv li, thaum dissolving ammonium chloride hauv dej, lub beaker tau txias vim hais tias cov tshuaj absorbs zog los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud. Photosynthesis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic uas siv qhov chaw hauv ib puag ncig ntuj. Rau photosynthesis, lub hnub ci muab lub zog xav tau.
Dab tsi yog Exothermic Reactions?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic yog txheej txheem uas tso tawm lub zog rau ib puag ncig, feem ntau yog ua kom sov. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog kuj tseem tuaj yeem tso tawm rau hauv lwm yam ntaub ntawv xws li suab, lub teeb thiab lwm yam. Txij li thaum lub zog tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom muaj zog tsawg dua cov reactants. Yog li, qhov hloov pauv enthalpy (∆H) dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo.
Nyob rau hauv hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no, lub zog tawm thaum lub sij hawm tsim daim ntawv cog lus. Yog tias tag nrho daim ntawv cog lus tsim lub zog siab dua li daim ntawv cog lus tawg lub zog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ces nws yog exothermic. Yog tias lub zog raug tso tawm raws li cua sov, qhov ntsuas kub ib puag ncig nce, yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qee zaum tuaj yeem tawg. Exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog spontaneous. Ib qho hluav taws xob sab nraud tsis tsim nyog rau kev tawm tsam exothermic vim lawv tsim lub zog xav tau raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov pib lub zog yuav tsim nyog.
Yog tias peb tuaj yeem ntes tau lub zog tso tawm no, peb tuaj yeem siv nws rau ntau yam haujlwm. Piv txwv li, lub zog tso tawm los ntawm combustion ntawm fuels yog pab tau nyob rau hauv kev khiav hauj lwm lub tsheb los yog lub tshuab. Ntxiv mus, tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv combustion yog exothermic.
Qhov txawv ntawm Endothermic thiab Exothermic Reactions yog dab tsi?
Endothermic thiab exothermic yog cov ntsiab lus hais txog kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv cov tshuab thermodynamic. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endothermic thiab exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic nqus lub zog los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic tso tawm lub zog rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov hloov pauv enthalpy hauv cov txheej txheem endothermic yog qhov zoo thaum qhov kev hloov enthalpy hauv cov txheej txheem exothermic tsis zoo. Thaum xav txog cov khoom kawg, cov khoom ntawm endothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj zog dua piv rau lub zog ntawm cov reactants whereas, nyob rau hauv exothermic tshua, cov khoom muaj qis zog tshaj reactants 'lub zog.
Summary – Endothermic vs Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic thiab exothermic yog cov ntsiab lus hais txog kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv cov tshuab thermodynamic. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endothermic thiab exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic nqus lub zog los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, qhov kev tawm tsam exothermic tso tawm lub zog rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig.
