Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb thiab cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog cov hlau nplaum hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb, thaum cov hlau nplaum ib txwm muaj hlau ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
Cov hlau nplaum ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj zog, cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Thaum peb siv lo lus "cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua", peb feem ntau tham txog cov hlau nplaum ceramic. Lawv tau lub npe no vim peb siv lawv lub hom phiaj.
Dab tsi yog Rare Earth Magnet?
Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau nplaum yog cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb. Cov no yog cov muaj zog tshaj ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Feem ntau, cov hlau nplaum no muaj cov hlau nplaum ntau tshaj 1.4 Tesla. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog cov nkig heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv raug corrosion. Yog li ntawd peb yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm plating los yog txheej txheej ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Muaj ob hom hlau nplaum uas tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb raws li hauv qab no:
- Neodymium hlau nplaum - muaj neodymium, hlau thiab boron. Lub alloy ntawm cov hlau hais nyob rau hauv no hlau nplaum yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm Nd2Fe14
- Samarium-cob alt hlau nplaum - yeej muaj samarium thiab cob alt. Muaj ob hom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm SmCo5 and Sm2Co17
Daim duab 01: Neodymium Magnet Balls
Muaj ob lub laj thawj rau lub zog loj dua ntawm cov hlau nplaum no. Ua ntej, lawv muaj cov qauv crystalline nrog siab sib nqus anisotropy. Qhov thib ob, lawv muaj ntau yam tsis muaj electrons. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev sib nqus zoo no yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Nws tuaj yeem ua mob rau lub cev ntawm tib neeg.
Npaum Magnet yog dab tsi?
Cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog cov hlau nplaum peb siv rau lub hom phiaj tsis tu ncua. Peb feem ntau siv lub sij hawm niaj zaus hlau nplaum xa mus rau ceramic (los yog ferrite) hlau nplaum. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum no yog ferrite. Ferrite yog cov khoom siv ceramic uas feem ntau muaj hlau (III) oxide. Peb muab cov khoom sib xyaw no nrog qee cov hlau xws li barium, manganese, nickel thiab zinc. Cov khoom no yog ferromagnetic thiab hluav taws xob uas tsis yog-conductive.
Daim duab 02: Ib Bar Magnet
Ntxiv mus, cov hlau nplaum no muaj qhov sib piv tsis zoo (lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum), thiab kev sib koom tes (cov khoom siv tsis kam ua demagnetized). Ntxiv mus, muaj ob hom ferrite hlau nplaum li nyuaj ferrites thiab mos ferrites raws li kev coercivity (siab thiab qis, feem). Sib nrug los ntawm qhov ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (qhov ntom ntom ntawm lub zog sib nqus) kuj tsawg heev. Tab sis, Curie qhov kub thiab txias (cov khoom siv uas cov hlau nplaum poob nws cov hlau nplaum) ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog qhov sib piv siab.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Rare Earth Magnet thiab Regular Magnet?
Ib lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau nplaum yog cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb thaum cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog cov hlau nplaum uas peb siv rau lub hom phiaj tsis tu ncua. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb thiab cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog cov hlau nplaum hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb, thaum cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua muaj hlau ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Ntxiv mus, cov hlau nplaum tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb muaj qhov sib piv siab heev, kev sib zog thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua li cov hlau nplaum ib txwm muaj. Qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm cov hlau nplaum hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj thiab cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog qhov curie kub ntawm cov hlau nplaum hauv ntiaj teb tsawg heev, tab sis hauv cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua, nws siab heev.
Summary – Rare Earth Magnet vs Regular Magnet
Cov hlau nplaum tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb yog cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb thaum cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog cov hlau nplaum peb siv rau lub hom phiaj tsis tu ncua. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau nplaum thiab cov hlau nplaum tsis tu ncua yog cov hlau nplaum hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb, thaum cov hlau nplaum ib txwm muaj hlau ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.
