Qhov txawv ntawm NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb yog tias NK hlwb tsis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, thaum NKT hlwb yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lub cev lub cev tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem tsim kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kab mob thiab kab mob. Muaj ob hom kev tiv thaiv: innate immunity thiab adaptive immunity. Innate tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau muaj ntau hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm ntau hom cell hauv lub cev. Ib pawg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlwb koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev yog T lymphocytes. NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb yog ob subsets ntawm T lymphocytes. Kab lus no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb.
NK Cells yog dab tsi?
Natural killer (NK) hlwb yog hom lymphocytes cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv hauv lub cev. Lawv cov khoom tsim tau tshwm sim hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Lawv feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab spleen. Tsis zoo li lwm cov phagocytic hlwb, NK hlwb tsis tua cov kab mob lossis invading microbes ncaj qha. Hloov chaw, lawv rhuav tshem cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Yog li, lawv qhov kev ua tsis yog los ntawm phagocytosis nkaus xwb, tab sis los ntawm apoptosis (programmed cell tuag) ntawm lub hom phiaj lub cev hlwb.
Daim duab 01: NK Cell
Thaum NK hlwb nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm tes, lawv tso cov protein hu ua perforins, uas tsim cov pores ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm tes. Los ntawm cov pores tsim, lwm NK-tsim protein hu ua granzyme nkag mus rau hauv lub cell thiab qhib caspases protein nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj cell, inducing apoptosis. Thaum kawg, macrophages ingest cell debris.
NK hlwb kuj muaj peev xwm tua cov qog hlwb ua ntej cov qog hlwb mus txog tus lej txaus, ua rau muaj kev kuaj mob. Yog li, NK hlwb yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav thiab feem ntau siv hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
NKT Cells yog dab tsi?
Natural killer T (NKT) hlwb yog ib pawg ntawm lymphocytes cuam tshuam nrog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev. NKT hlwb qhia qee yam nta nrog ob qho tib si T cells thiab NK hlwb. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv thymus, siab, spleen, thiab pob txha pob txha.
Daim duab 02: T Lymphocyte Ua kom txoj hauv kev
NKT hlwb yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab auto-antigens. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj koom nrog cov qog tsis kam lees, tswj cov kab mob autoimmune, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, NKT hlwb tuaj yeem tsim cov cytokines pro- lossis anti-inflammatory.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm NK Cells thiab NKT Cells?
- NK thiab NKT hlwb yog cov hlwb cytotoxic hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Lawv kuj yog lymphocytes.
- Yog li, lawv yog cov qog ntshav qog ntshav.
- Ntxiv mus, lawv yog cov khoom hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Lawv induce cell tuag ntawm cov kab mob hlwb nrog rau cov qog hlwb.
- Lawv pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav peripheral, spleen, siab, thymus, pob txha pob txha, thiab lymph nodes.
- Kev tsis zoo hauv NK thiab NKT hlwb feem ntau ua rau muaj kab mob autoimmune lossis ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob ntau ntxiv.
- Ob hom cell yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev pib ntawm kev hloov pauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tswj cov lus teb autoimmune.
Qhov txawv ntawm NK Cells thiab NKT Cells yog dab tsi?
NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb yog ob hom cytotoxic hlwb koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. NK hlwb yog ib hom lymphocytes, thaum NKT hlwb yog cov subset ntawm T lymphocytes. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb yog tias NK hlwb tsis qhia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, thaum NKT hlwb qhia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, NK hlwb loj hlob hauv cov ntshav thaum NKT hlwb loj hlob hauv thymus.
Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb.
Summary – NK Cells vs NKT Cells
NK hlwb yog hom cytotoxic lymphocytes uas tawm tsam thiab rhuav tshem lwm lub xovtooj yam tsis muaj kev nkag siab ua ntej rau nws. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, NKT hlwb yog ib tug heterogeneous pab pawg neeg ntawm T hlwb uas qhia cov khoom ntawm ob lub hlwb T thiab ntuj killer hlwb. NK hlwb tsis qhia T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) thaum NKT hlwb qhia T-cell antigen receptors. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm NK hlwb thiab NKT hlwb.
