Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla
Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla

Video: Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla

Video: Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla
Video: lus paj huam zoo lom zem nyob meskas teb 2022 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig thiab kev xeem tus ntoo khaub lig yog tias tus ntoo khaub lig reciprocal txiav txim qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm kev sib deev; uas yog seb tus cwj pwm zoo nyob ntawm niam txiv kev sib deev lossis tsis yog, thaum qhov kev xeem hla txiav txim siab zygosity ntawm qhov zoo; nws yog heterozygous los yog homozygous.

Muaj ntau hom caj ces hla hauv cov kev pab cuam yug me nyuam los txiav txim seb cov caj ces ntawm qhov zoo thiab lawv qhov qub txeeg qub teg. Tus ntoo khaub lig, kev xeem tus ntoo khaub lig thiab tus ntoo khaub lig rov qab yog cov kev xeem nrov ntawm lawv. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas sib txuam feem ntau qhia seb qhov zoo li cas yog autosomal lossis kev sib deev-txuas. Kev ntsuas tus ntoo khaub lig qhia seb qhov zoo li cas yog homozygous lossis heterozygous thaum backcross pab tsim cov xeeb ntxwv uas yog caj ces ze rau niam txiv rov qab los. Tab sis, kab lus no feem ntau yog tsom rau kev sib tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig thiab kev xeem tus ntoo khaub lig.

Dab tsi yog Kev Sib Koom Tes?

Kev sib cuam tshuam yog qhov kev sim uas txiav txim siab txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm niam txiv kev sib deev hauv qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tus cwj pwm. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, nws nthuav tawm seb tus cwj pwm yog kev sib deev los yog tsis yog (autosomal).

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw thiab Kev Xeem Hla

Daim duab 01: Kev sib deev-txuas kev sib txuas hauv Drosophila

Yuav ntsuas qhov ntawd, yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus txiv neej ntawm homozygous rau qhov kev coj cwj pwm ntawd nrog tus neeg uas tsis muaj qhov zoo sib xws. Ib yam li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm tus poj niam ntawm homozygous rau qhov kev coj zoo nrog tus neeg uas tsis muaj qhov zoo ib yam.

Test Cross yog dab tsi?

Kev kuaj tus ntoo khaub lig yog tus ntoo khaub lig genetic uas txiav txim siab zygosity ntawm niam txiv rau qhov zoo. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, kev sim hla qhia seb tus niam txiv tsis paub qhov tseem ceeb phenotype yog heterozygous lossis homozygous rau qhov zoo li ntawd. Yuav kom paub qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev xeem hla ntawm ib tus neeg uas tsis paub meej phenotype nrog ib tus neeg (niam txiv) homozygous recessive rau qhov zoo li ntawd.

Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Kev Sib Ceg Hla vs Test Hla
Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Kev Sib Ceg Hla vs Test Hla

Daim duab 02: Test Cross

Yog tias qhov kev xeem hla ua rau txhua tus xeeb ntxwv zoo ib yam, nws qhia tau tias niam txiv yog homozygous rau qhov zoo li ntawd. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog qhov kev xeem hla ua 1: 1 piv ntawm ob hom xeeb ntxwv, nws qhia tau tias niam txiv yog heterozygous rau qhov zoo.

Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes thiab Kev Xeem Hla?

  • Kev sib tshuam thiab kev kuaj tus ntoo khaub lig yog ob yam kab mob sib kis.
  • Ob leeg qhia txog caj ces ntawm tus cwj pwm.
  • Ntxiv mus, lawv ob leeg koom nrog kev hla ntawm ob tus neeg.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Reciprocal Cross thiab Test Cross?

Tus ntoo khaub lig sib txuas qhia txog kev sib txuas ntawm qhov zoo nkauj nrog kev sib deev chromosomes thaum qhov kev sim hla qhia txog homozygous lossis heterozygous xwm ntawm tus cwj pwm. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig reciprocal thiab test cross. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig reciprocal, tus ntoo khaub lig tshwm sim ntawm ib tug txiv neej (los yog ib tug poj niam) homozygous rau ib tug zoo nrog ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj qhov zoo. Hauv kev sim hla, tus ntoo khaub lig tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis paub qhov tseem ceeb phenotype nrog ib tus neeg (niam txiv) homozygous recessive rau qhov zoo. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov no ib yam li qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev sim hla.

Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog kev sib piv ntau ntxiv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig thiab kev xeem hla.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Reciprocal Cross thiab Test Cross hauv Tabular Form
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Reciprocal Cross thiab Test Cross hauv Tabular Form

Summary – Reciprocal Cross vs Test Cross

Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, tus ntoo khaub lig reciprocal thiab xeem crosses yog ob nquag siv genetic crosses. Reciprocal cross qhia seb qhov zoo li cas txuas nrog kev sib deev chromosomes los yog tsis. Tab sis, kuaj hla qhia seb leej niam leej txiv puas yog homozygous lossis heterozygous rau qhov zoo. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig reciprocal thiab test cross.

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