Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes nyob ntawm qhov ploidy ntawm genome. Somatic hlwb muaj diploid (2n) genome thaum gametes muaj xws li haploid (n) genome.
Kev yug dua tshiab yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev muaj sia. Kev yug me nyuam yog ob hom xws li kev yug me nyuam asexual thiab kev sib deev. Asexual reproduction tshwm sim los ntawm somatic hlwb thaum kev sib deev kev sib deev tshwm sim ntawm gametes. Yog li ntawd, somatic hlwb muaj nyob thoob plaws lub cev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, gametes tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Muaj ob hom gametes; txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes. Cov phev yog txiv neej gametes thaum ova yog poj niam gametes.
Dab tsi yog Somatic Cells?
Feem ntau, cov hlwb somatic yog cov hlwb uas muaj nyob hauv lub cev. Lawv suav nrog txhua hom cell tshwj tsis yog cov qe menyuam yaus. Yog li ntawd, cov hlwb somatic tsis koom nrog kev sib deev kev sib deev tab sis koom nrog hauv kev yug me nyuam asexual. Hauv tib neeg, somatic hlwb yog diploid. Yog li ntawd, ob pawg ntawm homologous chromosomes muaj nyob rau hauv txhua lub cell. Thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam, lawv raug mitosis tsim ob daim ntawv theej ntawm tib lub hlwb.
Daim duab 01: Somatic Cells
qia hlwb tsim cov hlwb somatic. Stem cells sib txawv rau ntau hom kab mob sib txawv. Cov hlwb somatic no muaj peev xwm tsim cov kabmob. Lawv txoj haujlwm txawv ntawm ib hom cell mus rau lwm qhov. Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus lub cev, qhov nruab nrab ntawm peb trillion somatic hlwb yog tam sim no. Somatic hlwb tom qab sib txawv rau hauv cov leeg nqaij, neurons, hlwb hlwb, cov ntshav, thiab lwm yam.
Gametes yog dab tsi?
Gametes yog cov txiv neej laus lossis poj niam cev xeeb tub. Lawv yog cov hlwb haploid vim lawv tsuas muaj ib pawg ntawm homologous chromosomes. Txiv neej gametes yog phev, thiab poj niam gametes yog ov. Gametes tsuas yog koom nrog kev sib deev. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm meiosis. Ntawm no, cov txiv neej thiab poj niam haploid gametes fuse nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem fertilization ua rau ib tug diploid zygote. Cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv tau txais ib pawg ntawm homologous chromosome los ntawm txhua tus niam txiv.
Daim duab 02: Gametes
Thaum lub sijhawm sib txuas ntawm gametes, vim yog qhov yuam kev rov ua dua, kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Cov kev ua yuam kev no suav nrog indels, insertions thiab deletion ntawm nucleotides hauv DNA, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev hloov no tau dhau mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv los ntawm gametes.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Somatic Cells thiab Gametes?
- Ob lub hlwb somatic thiab gametes koom nrog kev tsim tawm.
- Kuj, ob leeg muaj nyob rau hauv lub neej.
Qhov txawv ntawm Somatic Cells thiab Gametes yog dab tsi?
Somatic hlwb yog cov hlwb diploid thaum gametes yog cov hlwb haploid. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes. Tsis tas li ntawd, qia hlwb muab nce rau cov hlwb somatic, thiab cov kab mob kis tau nce mus rau gametes. Yog li, nws yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes. Qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes yog tias meiosis tsis tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov hlwb somatic, whereas meiosis tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm gametogenesis (tsim gametes) ua rau cov hlwb haploid.
Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes yog tias cov hlwb somatic muaj homologous khub ntawm chromosomes thaum gametes tsuas muaj cov chromosomes tsis sib xws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlwb somatic tsim cov qauv sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub cev, thaum gametes tsis ua. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov hlwb somatic pom yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv lub cev, thaum gametes raug txwv rau qee qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlwb somatic tsis fuse thaum muaj kev sib deev, thaum gametes fuse thaum muaj kev sib deev ua rau muaj qhov diploid zygote. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes.
Cov duab hauv qab no ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes nthuav tawm cov kev sib txawv no ua ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Somatic Cells vs Gametes
Somatic hlwb yog tag nrho cov kab mob lom tsuas yog cov qe menyuam yaus. Gametes yog cov txiv neej laus lossis poj niam cov qe menyuam loj hlob uas sib txuas ua ke ua rau muaj zygote thaum muaj kev sib deev fertilization. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb somatic thiab gametes nyob ntawm qhov ploidy ntawm genome. Somatic hlwb muaj diploid (2n) genome thaum gametes muaj xws li haploid (n) genome. Ntxiv mus, qia hlwb tsim cov hlwb somatic, thiab lawv sib txawv rau ntau hom hlwb hauv lub cev. Cov hlwb somatic koom nrog hauv kev yug me nyuam asexual, tab sis gametes koom nrog kev sib deev. Txiv neej gametes yog phev, thiab poj niam gametes yog ov. Qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm somatic hlwb thiab gametes.
