Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ELISA thiab Kev Ntsuas Ceev yog qhov ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws raws li cov txheej txheem immunoassay thaum qhov kev sim sai yog qhov ceev, yooj yim ua, tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev tshuaj ntsuam uas siv tib cov txheej txheem ntawm ELISA.
kuaj kab mob HIV kuaj pom muaj tus kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tib neeg ((HIV) uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob (AIDS). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HIV sib txawv muaj. Cov kev sim no tau ua nyob rau ntau theem raws li qhov muaj cov khoom siv thiab lwm yam, thiab lwm yam.
ELISA yog dab tsi?
ELISA sawv cev rau enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nws yog txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam phaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho enzyme immunoassay muaj txiaj ntsig los kuaj xyuas cov kab mob HIV. Ntawm no, ELISA kuaj pom HIV cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsim los ntawm 2nd thiab 12 lub lis piam tom qab kis kab mob. Thaum lub sij hawm ELISA, cov antigens nyob rau hauv cov qauv khi nrog cov immobilized antibodies ntawm ib tug khoom nto. Thaum immobilized, dua cov antigens tsim complexes nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txuas rau enzymes. Tom qab ntawd, cov enzymes conjugated incubate nrog cov substrate.
Daim duab 01: ELISA
Raws li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme-substrate tsim cov khoom xim uas ntsuas tau. Los ntawm kev ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov antigens nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Yog li, ELISA yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem uas xav tau kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Nws tseem yog cov txheej txheem siv sijhawm nrog kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv siab heev. Muaj ntau hom kev xeem ELISA; uas yog, qhaub cij ELISA, ncaj qha ELISA thiab tsis ncaj ELISA. Hauv txhua txoj hauv kev, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav.
Kev xeem nrawm yog dab tsi?
Kev kuaj sai yog qhov kev kuaj xyuas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua ntej uas siv tib cov txheej txheem ntawm ELISA. Cov txheej txheem yog nrawm thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej siv tsawg dua piv rau ELISA. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev no yog nrov nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas muaj kev txwv. Piv rau ELISA, cov kev ntsuam xyuas ceev yog tsawg dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sim ceev ceev yog ua raws li kev ua kom agglutination, immuno-dot, immuno-filtration, thiab immuno-chromatography.
Daim duab 02: Kev Ntsuas nrawm
Ntxiv mus, kev sim nrawm yog qhov nrawm thiab yooj yim ua cov txheej txheem hauv lub sijhawm ntawm 10 mus rau 120 feeb. Yog li, qhov no yuav tsum tau txwv lossis tsis muaj cov cuab yeej siv ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li nws yog qhov kev sim yooj yim los ua, nws tsis tas yuav muaj cov kws tshaj lij kws tshaj lij. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntsuam xyuas sai yog tsim los ua kev kuaj mob xwm txheej ceev nrog tsawg tus qauv hauv cov chaw kuaj me me. Yog li ntawd, kev ntsuam xyuas sai yog kev lag luam ntau dua li kev xeem ELISA.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ELISA thiab Kev Ntsuas Ceev?
- Ob qho ELISA thiab kev ntsuas nrawm yog cov cuab yeej kuaj mob.
- Lawv yog cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas HIV.
- Tsis tas li, ob hom ua haujlwm raws li cov txheej txheem lom neeg molecular.
Qhov txawv ntawm ELISA thiab Kev Ntsuas Ceev yog dab tsi?
ELISA yog ib txoj hauv kev rhiab heev thiab sophisticated uas kuaj pom muaj antigen thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb cov ntshav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev sim sai yog qhov ceev, tsis tshua muaj kev sib tw, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev nkag siab zoo uas tseem pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv peb cov ntshav. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ELISA thiab kev sim nrawm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ELISA xav kom cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo los ua. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas sai tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov neeg txawj ntse thiab cov cuab yeej ntse. Yog li, nws yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm ELISA thiab kev sim nrawm. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm ELISA thiab kev ntsuas ceev yog qhov ELISA siv sijhawm thaum kuaj sai yog txoj kev nrawm dua uas tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib nrab teev.
Kub hauv qab infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ELISA thiab Rapid test tabulates tag nrho cov kev sib txawv.
Summary – ELISA vs Rapid Test
txhawm rau kuaj tus kab mob HIV, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev. Ntawm lawv, ELISA thiab kev xeem nrawm yog ob txoj hauv kev. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ELISA thiab kev xeem ceev yog tias ELISA yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev uas yuav tsum muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm tau txais kev cob qhia zoo thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev sim nrawm yog ib txoj hauv kev ceev uas tsis tshua meej thiab tsis tshua muaj kev txawj ntse. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev sim ceev ceev tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej ntse heev. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ceev yog ib qho yooj yim ua nyob rau hauv ob peb feeb. Li no, nws tsis yog siv sijhawm li ELISA.
