Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm photon thiab electron yog tias photon yog ib pob khoom ntawm lub zog thaum lub electron yog ib pawg.
Ib qho hluav taws xob yog ib qho subatomic particle uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv yuav luag txhua yam. Lub photon yog lub tswvyim ntawm lub zog, uas tseem ceeb heev hauv quantum mechanics. Electron thiab photon yog ob lub ntsiab lus uas tsim tau zoo heev nrog kev txhim kho ntawm quantum mechanics. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, kom nkag siab txog thaj chaw ntawm quantum mechanics, classical mechanics thiab lwm yam haujlwm kom raug.
Photon yog dab tsi?
Photon yog ib lub ntsiab lus uas peb tham txog hauv yoj mechanics. Hauv quantum txoj kev xav, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam tias cov nthwv dej kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv particle. Lub photon yog qhov particle ntawm nthwv dej. Nws yog ib tug ruaj npaum li cas ntawm lub zog nyob ntawm seb lub zaus ntawm lub nthwv dej. Peb tuaj yeem muab lub zog ntawm photon los ntawm qhov sib npaug E=hf, qhov twg E yog lub zog ntawm photon, h yog Plank tas li, thiab f yog qhov zaus ntawm nthwv dej.
Daim duab 01: Kev txav ntawm Photon raws li hluav taws xob hluav taws xob
Peb tuaj yeem xav txog photons ua pob khoom ntawm lub zog. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib raug zoo, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias cov nthwv dej kuj muaj qhov loj. Nws yog vim cov nthwv dej coj tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov seem ntawm lub photon yog xoom. Thaum lub photon txav nrog lub teeb nrawm, nws muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm E / C 2, qhov E yog lub zog ntawm photon thiab C yog qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
Electron yog dab tsi?
Ib lub atom muaj ib lub nucleus uas muaj tus nqi zoo, thiab nws muaj yuav luag tag nrho cov loj thiab electrons orbiting nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Cov electrons no muaj cov nqi tsis zoo, thiab lawv muaj qhov loj me me piv rau cov nucleus. Ib qho hluav taws xob muaj qhov seem ntawm 9.11 x 10 -31kilograms.
Cov electron poob rau hauv subatomic particle tsev neeg fermions. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj ib nrab-tus nqi raws li kev sib tw. Lub spin yog ib qho cuab yeej piav txog lub angular momentum ntawm electron. Lub classical txoj kev xav ntawm electron piav qhia lub electron raws li ib tug particle orbiting nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho ntawm quantum mechanics, peb tuaj yeem pom tias cov hluav taws xob kuj tuaj yeem coj tus yoj.
Daim duab 02: Electron (hauv liab) thiab Atomic Nucleus (hauv xiav) hauv Hydrogen Atom
Ntxiv mus, cov hluav taws xob muaj cov qib zog tshwj xeeb. Tam sim no, peb tuaj yeem txhais lub orbit ntawm electron raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nrhiav cov electron nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Cov kws tshawb fawb xaus lus tias electron coj li ob qho tib si nthwv dej thiab ib qho particle. Thaum peb xav txog ib qho hluav taws xob mus ncig, qee qhov yoj lub zog ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li cov khoom particle. Thaum peb xav txog kev sib cuam tshuam, cov khoom particle yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov yoj zog. Lub electron muaj tus nqi ntawm - 1.602 x 10 -19C. Nws yog tus nqi tsawg tshaj plaws uas txhua qhov system tuaj yeem tau txais. Ntxiv mus, tag nrho lwm cov nqi yog qhov sib npaug ntawm chav tsev ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Photon thiab Electron yog dab tsi?
Photon yog ib hom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas ua haujlwm ua lub zog, tab sis cov hluav taws xob yog ib qho subatomic particle uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov atoms. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm photon thiab electron yog tias photon yog ib pob khoom ntawm lub zog thaum lub electron yog ib pawg. Ntxiv mus, lub photon tsis muaj qhov seem loj, tab sis ib qho hluav taws xob muaj qhov seem loj. Raws li lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm photon thiab electron, photon tuaj yeem mus ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb, tab sis rau ib qho hluav taws xob, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb.
Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm photon thiab electron yog tias photon qhia ntau lub zog nthwv dej thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob nthuav tawm ntau qhov khoom. Hauv qab no yog ib qho infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm photon thiab electron.
Summary – Photon vs Electron
Photon yog ib qho me me, thiab peb tuaj yeem piav qhia nws li pob khoom ntawm lub zog thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog subatomic particle muaj qhov loj. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm photon thiab electron yog tias photon yog ib pob khoom ntawm lub zog thaum lub electron yog ib pawg.
