Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous antigens yog qhov endogenous antigen yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb thaum lub exogenous antigen nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm sab nraud.
Antigen yog ib qho molecule lossis ib yam khoom uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Antigenicity ntawm cov molecule tshwj xeeb yog lub peev xwm ntawm ib qho antigen los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, antigens tuaj yeem yog cov protein lossis polysaccharide. Tsis tas li ntawd, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), xws li cov hlwb dendritic kho cov txheej txheem ntawm antigen uptake, antigen processing, thiab antigen nthuav qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem raug cais raws li immunogens, tolerogens, lossis allergens. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem faib cov antigens raws li lawv lub hauv paus chiv keeb li exogenous lossis endogenous.
Dab tsi yog Endogenous Antigens?
Endogenous antigens originated nyob rau hauv lub hlwb vim ib txwm cell metabolism los yog vim ib tug intracellular kab mob los yog kis kab mob. Lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cytoplasm ntawm APCs raws li tus kheej-cell proteins uas txuas covalently rau ubiquitin. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis xav tau phagocytosis active. Thaum cov txheej txheem antigen-processing pib, endogenous antigen degradation tshwm sim, thiab peptide tiam tshwm sim los ntawm proteases. Tom qab ntawd, cov peptides no ua ib qho nyuaj nrog MHC chav kawm kuv cov molecules ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab nthuav tawm rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Daim duab 01: Antigens
Yog li, ua raws li kev lees paub, Cytotoxic T hlwb pib tso cov tshuaj sib txuas uas ua rau lysis lossis apoptosis ntawm cov kab mob. Qee qhov piv txwv rau endogenous antigens suav nrog tus kheej-antigens, qog antigens, alloantigens, thiab qee cov kab mob antigens uas cov kab mob muaj peev xwm ua ke nrog cov DNA proviral rau hauv tus tswv tsev genome.
Dab tsi yog Exogenous Antigens?
Feem ntau ntawm cov antigens yog exogenous antigens. Yog li, lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm sab nraud los ntawm ntau yam kab mob xws li kab mob, kab mob, fungi, protozoa, helminths thiab lwm yam, los yog tej yam khoom xws li plua plav mites, khoom noj khoom haus, paj ntoos thiab lwm yam, los ntawm kev nqus, noj, lossis txhaj tshuaj.
Daim duab 02: Exogenous Antigens
Tsis tas li, APCs tuaj yeem nquag noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exogenous los ntawm endocytosis lossis phagocytosis thiab ua rau cov khoom tawg hauv thiaj li yuav pib txoj hauv kev antigen. Tom qab pib txoj hauv kev, cov khoom tawg tuaj ntawm daim nyias nyias ua ke nrog MHC chav kawm II molecules thiab tom qab ntawd tso cai lees paub los ntawm TH hlwb.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Endogenous thiab Exogenous Antigens?
- Endogenous thiab Exogenous Antigens yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kuj, ob leeg khi rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qho tib si ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ntxiv rau, lawv tuaj yeem yog cov proteins, peptides lossis polysaccharides.
Qhov txawv ntawm Endogenous thiab Exogenous Antigens yog dab tsi?
Antigen yog ib qho molecule uas tuaj yeem khi nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ob hom antigens. Namely, lawv yog endogenous thiab exogenous antigens. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous antigens yog tias endogenous antigens tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb thaum lub exogenous antigens los ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub cev. Yog li, endogenous antigens yog intracellular thaum exogenous antigens yog extracellular. Ntxiv mus, exogenous antigens yog feem ntau hom antigens thaum endogenous antigens tsis piv.
Cov duab hauv qab no qhia cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous antigens.
Summary – Endogenous vs Exogenous Antigens
Antigens tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb lossis nkag mus rau sab nraud. Raws li, muaj ob hom antigens uas yog endogenous antigens thiab exogenous antigens feem. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau hom antigen yog exogenous antigens. Endogenous antigens tsim vim cell metabolism lossis kab mob los yog kab mob intracellular. Ntawm qhov tod tes, exogenous antigens nkag mus rau peb lub cev los ntawm kev nqus pa, noj, lossis txhaj tshuaj. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous antigens.
