Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntim thiab ntim tshwj xeeb yog qhov ntim yog ib qho khoom siv dav uas qhov ntim tshwj xeeb yog cov khoom siv hnyav. Volume yog lub xeev thermodynamic ntawm ib yam khoom. Cov ntim tshwj xeeb yog lub tswv yim tshuaj uas sawv cev rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm huab hwm coj thiab ntim ntawm cov khoom.
Lub cev lub cev ntawm cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom siv zog thiab cov khoom siv dav. Cov khoom siv hnyav yog cov uas tsis nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub tshuab thermodynamic. Cov khoom siv dav dav yog cov uas nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub tshuab thermodynamic.
Vim yog dab tsi?
Volume yog lub xeev thermodynamic ntawm cov tshuaj uas hais txog qhov ntim ntawm cov kua dej ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab thermodynamic. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej dav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab qhov siab ntawm lub tshuab thermodynamic. Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntim no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Daim duab 01: Volumetric Flasks siv tau los ntsuas qhov ntim ntawm cov kua
Lub ntim ntawm cov roj zoo tagnrho yog ncaj qha proportional rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov pa thiab yog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov siab.
PV=nRT
Qhov twg P yog siab, V yog ntim, n yog tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm cov pa, R yog cov roj universal tas li thiab T yog qhov kub ntawm cov pa. Tom qab ntawd qhov ntim ntawm cov roj zoo tagnrho yog raws li hauv qab no:
V=nRT /P
Lub ntim tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi?
Specific volume yog qhov ntim ntawm ib chav tsev loj ntawm ib yam khoom. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog qhov piv ntawm cov khoom ntim rau nws qhov hnyav. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hnyav ntawm ib yam khoom thiab qhov sib txuam ntawm qhov ntom. chav ntsuas ntsuas yog (m3/kg). Qhov sib npaug rau qhov ntim tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
ν=V / m
ν yog qhov ntim tshwj xeeb, V yog qhov ntsuas ntim thiab m yog qhov loj ntawm cov khoom. Peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov roj zoo tagnrho siv cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
PV=nRT
PV=(m/M)RT
Then, P (V/m)=(1/M)RT
ν=RT/PM
Qhov txawv ntawm ntim thiab ntim tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi?
Volume yog lub xeev thermodynamic ntawm cov tshuaj uas hais txog qhov ntim ntawm cov kua dej ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab thermodynamic. Tshwj xeeb ntim yog qhov ntim ntawm ib chav tsev loj ntawm ib yam khoom. Yog li ntawd, chav ntsuas ntawm qhov ntim yog m3 thiab chav ntsuas ntawm qhov ntim tshwj xeeb yog m3 / kg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib npaug rau qhov ntim ntawm cov roj zoo tagnrho yog V=nRT / P thaum qhov sib npaug rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov roj zoo tagnrho yog ν=RT / PM. Nrog rau qhov xwm ntawm ob lub zog, ntim yog ib qho cuab yeej dav. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntim tshwj xeeb yog cov khoom siv hnyav.
Summary – Volume vs Specific Volume
ntim yog cov khoom siv thermodynamic ntawm cov khoom. Tshwj xeeb ntim yog qhov ntim ntawm ib chav tsev loj ntawm ib yam khoom. Qhov txawv ntawm ntim thiab ntim tshwj xeeb yog qhov ntim yog ib qho cuab yeej dav uas qhov ntim tshwj xeeb yog ib qho khoom siv hnyav.
