Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Isotopes vs Isobars vs Isotones
Isotopes yog atoms ntawm tib yam tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm neutrons. Yog li ntawd, cov isotopes ntawm tib cov tshuaj muaj tib yam atomic tooj tab sis txawv atomic masses. Isobars yog atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv. Yog li ntawd cov lej atomic yog qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Isotones muaj tib tus naj npawb ntawm neutrons hauv lawv cov atomic nucleus. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isotopes, isobars thiab isotones yog tias isotopes yog atoms nrog tib tus naj npawb ntawm protons, tab sis txawv tus lej ntawm neutrons thiab isobars yog atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv uas muaj qhov sib npaug rau atomic mass whereas isotones yog atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv muaj cov khoom sib txawv. sib npaug ntawm cov neutrons hauv atomic nucleus.
Isotopes yog dab tsi?
Isotopes yog atoms nrog tib tus naj npawb ntawm protons, tab sis txawv tus lej ntawm neutrons. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm protons nyob rau hauv lub atom yog tus naj npawb atomic ntawm lub atom. Ib qho tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm protons. Yog li ntawd, tus naj npawb atomic ntawm cov atoms ntawm tib cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo sib xws. Yog li ntawd, isotopes yog atoms ntawm tib yam tshuaj. Tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm protons thiab neutrons yog hu ua atomic mass. Isotopes muaj ntau atomic masses.
Cov cwj pwm tshuaj lom neeg ntawm isotopes ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj yog tib yam, tab sis lub cev lub cev sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Yuav luag tag nrho cov tshuaj muaj isotopes. Muaj 275 paub isotopes ntawm 81 cov tshuaj ruaj khov. Rau ib qho tshuaj lom neeg, muaj cov isotopes ruaj khov thiab cov isotopes radioactive (tsis ruaj khov).
Daim duab 01: Isotopes ntawm Hydrogen
Ib qho isotope muaj npe siv lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov atomic loj ntawm cov isotope. Piv txwv li, ob lub isotopes ntawm Helium raug sau tseg tias "helium-2" thiab "helium-4". Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm isotopes tau muab hauv qab no.
Isobars yog dab tsi?
Isobars yog cov atom ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv uas muaj qhov sib npaug rau atomic mass. Atomic mass yog qhov sib npaug ntawm protons thiab neutrons nyob rau hauv lub nucleus ntawm ib lub atom. Ib tug proton los yog ib tug neutron yog hu ua ib tug nucleon. Yog li, isobars muaj tib tus lej ntawm nucleons.
Cov lej atomic ntawm cov isobars txawv ntawm ib leeg vim tias cov tshuaj sib txawv muaj cov lej sib txawv. Txoj cai Mattauch isobar hais tias yog tias ob lub ntsiab lus nyob ib sab ntawm lub rooj sib tham muaj cov isotopes ntawm tib tus lej (isobars), ib qho ntawm cov isotopes yuav tsum muaj xov tooj cua. Yog tias muaj isobars ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus muaj nyob, thawj thiab kawg isobars ruaj khov, thiab nruab nrab ib qho yuav raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hluav taws xob. Ib qho isobar series yog ib phau ntawm cov isotopes sib txawv uas muaj tib lub atomic mass.
Isotones yog dab tsi?
Isotones yog cov atom ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv uas muaj cov lej sib npaug ntawm cov neutrons hauv atomic nucleus. Isotones muaj cov lej atomic sib txawv (tus naj npawb ntawm cov protons hauv lub nucleus txawv ntawm ib leeg) nrog rau cov sib txawv atomic masses. Nws tuaj yeem hais tau raws li hauv qab no;
Atomic tooj=Z
Atomic mass=A
Number of neutron=N
Rau tag nrho cov isotones hauv ib series, A≠Z tab sis (A-Z)=N (N yog sib npaug rau tag nrho cov isotones hauv ib series). Qee qhov piv txwv rau isotones tau muab hauv qab no.
Qhov txawv ntawm Isotopes thiab Isobars thiab Isotones yog dab tsi?
Isotopes vs Isobars vs Isotones |
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| Isotopes | Isotopes yog atoms nrog tib tus lej ntawm protons, tab sis txawv tus lej ntawm neutrons. |
| Isobars | Isobars yog atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv uas muaj qhov sib npaug rau atomic mass. |
| Isotones | Isotones yog atoms ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv uas muaj tus lej sib npaug ntawm cov neutrons hauv atomic nucleus. |
| Atomic Number | |
| Isotopes | Isotopes muaj tib tus lej atomic. |
| Isobars | Isobars muaj tus lej atomic sib txawv. |
| Isotones | Isotones muaj tus lej atomic sib txawv. |
| Atomic Mass | |
| Isotopes | Isotopes muaj qhov sib txawv atomic mass. |
| Isobars | Isobars muaj tib lub atomic mass. |
| Isotones | Isotones muaj qhov sib txawv atomic mass. |
| Number of Neutrons | |
| Isotopes | Isotopes muaj ntau tus lej ntawm neutrons. |
| Isobars | Isobars muaj ntau tus lej ntawm neutrons. |
| Isotone | Isotones tib tus lej ntawm neutrons. |
Summary – Isotopes vs Isobars vs Isotones
Isotopes, isobars thiab isotones yog cov ntsiab lus siv los piav txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm isotopes, isobars thiab isotones yog tias isotopes yog atoms nrog tib tus naj npawb ntawm protons, tab sis txawv tus naj npawb ntawm neutrons thiab isobars yog atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv muaj qhov sib npaug rau atomic mass whereas isotones yog atoms ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib npaug. ntawm neutrons nyob rau hauv lub atomic nucleus.
