Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Oxidation Number Method vs Half Reaction Method
Oxidation naj npawb txoj kev thiab ib nrab-reaction method yog ob txoj kev siv los sib npaug cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv redox yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas yog tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob; Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov no yog lub npe hu ua ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov qhov twg cov khoom raug oxidation thiab lwm yam khoom (los yog tib yam khoom) txo qis. Oxidations thiab txo qis hloov tus lej oxidation lossis lub xeev oxidation ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij qhov kev hloov pauv no hauv oxidation tooj lossis ib nrab-kev tshwm sim tshwm sim hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox tuaj yeem siv los sib npaug tag nrho cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oxidation naj npawb txoj kev thiab ib nrab-reaction txoj kev yog oxidation tooj txoj kev siv cov kev hloov ntawm oxidation naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj hom tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov whereas ib nrab-reaction txoj kev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm balancing ob parallel ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raws li lawv ntxiv nrog. ib leeg.
Oxidation Number Method yog dab tsi?
Oxidation number method yog ib txoj hauv kev los ntsuas cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox siv cov oxidation tooj ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov. Tus lej oxidation ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj yog qhov degree ntawm oxidation ntawm cov khoom ntawd. Tus lej oxidation yog qee zaum hu ua oxidation xeev, thiab nws tuaj yeem yog tus nqi zoo, tus nqi tsis zoo lossis nws tuaj yeem yog xoom. Thaum oxidation naj npawb ntawm atom nce, peb hu tias atom tau oxidized; Hauv qhov sib piv, thaum tus lej oxidation tau txo qis, qhov atom txo qis.
Ex: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm zinc (Zn) thiab hydrochloric acid (HCl) muab Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) thiab hydrogen gas (H 2). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox uas zinc tau oxidation thiab hydrogen atom txo qis qhov twg cov oxidation tooj ntawm chlorine tsis hloov. Zn atom tau oxidized rau Zn2+ whereas H+ ion tau txo rau H2
Zn + HCl →ZnCl2 + H2
Daim duab 01: Zinc Reaction nrog HCl
Oxidation tus lej txoj kev tuaj yeem siv los sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug saum toj no. Ua ntej, tus lej oxidation ntawm tag nrho cov atoms yuav tsum tau qhia.
Zn=0
H in HCl=+1
Znin ZnCl2=+2
H in H2=0
Tom qab ntawd yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov kev hloov pauv uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov lej oxidation no. Zn tau oxidized rau Zn2+ hos H+ tau raug txo kom H2 Tom qab paub txog cov kev hloov no, nce lossis txo ntawm oxidation naj npawb ib atom yuav tsum tau qhia. Cia peb hu qhov tseem ceeb no ua "ON factor" (qhov nce lossis txo qis ib atom). Tom qab txiav txim siab ON qhov tseem ceeb, oxidizing atom yuav tsum tau muab faib los ntawm ON qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo cov atom thiab vice versa.
ON factor of Zn=2
ON factor of H=1
Thaum muab ntau, {Zn x 1} + {HCl x 2} → {ZnCl2 x 1} + {H2 }
Qhov no muab qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Ib nrab Reaction Method yog dab tsi?
Ib nrab-reaction method yog ib txoj hauv kev ntsuas qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox siv ob qhov kev sib piv ib nrab; oxidation ib nrab-reaction thiab txo ib nrab-reactions. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox, ib qho reactant ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing uas oxidizes lwm reactant, thaum txo nws tus kheej.
Ex: Rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Zinc (Zn) thiab hydrochloric acid (HCl), zinc ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo qis thaum hydrogen hauv HCl yog tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing. Tom qab ntawd qhov sib npaug ntawm ob qhov kev tshwm sim ib nrab tuaj yeem sau ua:
Oxidation: Zn → Zn+2+ 2e
Reduction: 2HCl+ 2e → H2 + 2Cl–
Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem yooj yim ntxiv ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. Tab sis ua ntej ntxiv lawv yuav tsum xyuas seb tus naj npawb ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm ob sab yog sib npaug (tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cov hluav taws xob hauv ob sab tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm kom tau txais qhov sib npaug). Yog hais tias cov electrons tsis sib npaug, ces tag nrho cov kab zauv (ntawm ib nrab-reaction) yuav tsum muab multiplied los ntawm ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi kom txog rau thaum nws sib npaug ntawm cov electrons nyob rau hauv ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Qhov sib npaug redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Oxidation Number Method thiab Half Reaction Method?
Oxidation Number Method vs Half Reaction Method |
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| Oxidation naj npawb txoj kev yog ib txoj hauv kev los ntsuas cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox siv cov oxidation tooj ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj sib tov. | Ib nrab-reaction method yog ib txoj hauv kev ntsuas qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox siv ob qhov kev sib piv ib nrab; oxidation ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab txo ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv |
| Method | |
| Tus lej oxidation siv cov kev hloov pauv ntawm oxidation naj npawb ntawm txhua lub atom hauv reactants thiab cov khoom. | Ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txoj kev siv oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox. |
Summary – Oxidation Number Method vs Half Reaction Method
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ib qho reactant ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing thaum lwm tus reactant ua tus neeg sawv cev txo. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev loj los sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox; oxidation naj npawb txoj kev thiab ib nrab tshuaj tiv thaiv txoj kev. Qhov txawv ntawm oxidation naj npawb txoj kev thiab ib nrab-reaction txoj kev yog oxidation tooj txoj kev siv cov kev hloov ntawm oxidation naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj hom tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov whereas ib nrab-reaction method siv tus qauv ntawm balancing ob parallel ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab lawv ntxiv nrog rau txhua. lwm yam.
