Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ion electron txoj kev thiab oxidation naj npawb txoj kev yog tias, nyob rau hauv ion electron txoj kev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog sib npaug nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm ions whereas, nyob rau hauv oxidation tooj txoj kev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog balanced nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov nyob rau hauv. oxidation tooj ntawm oxidants thiab reductants.
Ob txoj kev ion electron thiab oxidation tooj txoj kev yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev sib npaug tshuaj sib npaug. Kev sib npaug tshuaj sib npaug yog muab rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb thiab nws pab peb txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov reactant reacted los muab ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov khoom, lossis tus nqi ntawm cov reactants xav tau kom tau txais cov khoom xav tau.
Ion Electron Method yog dab tsi?
Ion electron txoj kev yog cov txheej txheem kev tshuaj ntsuam peb tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv, siv cov ionic ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Muab cov tshuaj sib npaug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ob qhov ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab sib npaug ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab ions hauv ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau txais kev sib npaug tag nrho.
Daim duab 01: Tshuaj Ruaj Ntseg
Cia peb xav txog ib qho piv txwv kom nkag siab txog txoj kev no.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm permanganate ion thiab ferrous ion yog raws li nram no:
MnO4– + Fe2+ ⟶ Mn2 + + Fe3+ + 4H2O
Ob qhov kev cuam tshuam ib nrab yog kev hloov pauv ntawm permanganate ion rau hauv manganese (II) ion thiab ferrous ion rau hauv ferric ion. Cov ntawv ionic ntawm ob qhov kev tshwm sim ib nrab yog raws li hauv qab no:
MnO4– ⟶ Mn2+
Fe2+ ⟶ Fe3+
Tom qab ntawd, peb yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov pa oxygen atoms hauv txhua qhov kev tshwm sim ib nrab. Nyob rau hauv ib nrab-reactions uas ferrous hloov mus rau hauv ferric ion, tsis muaj oxygen atoms. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov pa oxygen nyob rau hauv ib nrab-reactions.
MnO4– ⟶ Mn2+ + 4O2 -
Cov plaub cov pa oxygen no los ntawm cov dej molecule (tsis yog molecular oxygen vim tias tsis muaj roj ntau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no). Ces qhov tseeb ib nrab teb yog:
MnO4– ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2 O
Hauv kab zauv saum toj no, tsis muaj hydrogen atoms nyob rau sab laug, tab sis muaj yim hydrogen atoms nyob rau sab xis, yog li peb yuav tsum ntxiv yim hydrogen atoms (hauv daim ntawv ntawm hydrogen ions) rau sab laug sab.
MnO4– + 8H+ ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2O
Nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug saum toj no, tus nqi ionic ntawm sab laug tsis sib npaug rau sab xis. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ntxiv electrons rau ib qho ntawm ob sab kom sib npaug ntawm cov nqi ionic. Tus nqi ntawm sab laug yog +7 thiab sab xis nws yog +2. Ntawm no, peb yuav tsum ntxiv tsib electrons rau sab laug. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev tshwm sim ib nrab yog, MnO4– + 8H+ + 5e– ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2O
Thaum ntsuas qhov sib npaug ib nrab ntawm ferrous hloov mus rau ferric ion, tus nqi ionic hloov ntawm +2 mus rau +3; Ntawm no peb yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib qho hluav taws xob rau sab xis raws li hauv qab no txhawm rau sib npaug ntawm cov nqi ionic.
Fe2+ ⟶ Fe3+ + e–
Tom qab ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ntxiv ob qhov sib npaug ua ke los ntawm kev ntsuas tus lej ntawm electrons. Peb yuav tsum muab cov kev sib npaug ib nrab nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm ferrous rau hauv ferric los ntawm 5 kom tau txais tsib electrons thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov hloov pauv ib nrab ntawm kev sib piv rau ib nrab-sib cav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm permanganate rau hauv manganese (II) ion, tsib. electrons nyob rau hauv txhua sab tshem tawm. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib ntxiv no.
MnO4– + 8H+ + 5Fe2+ + 5e– ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 5Fe 3+ + 5e–
MnO4– + 8H+ + 5Fe2+ ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 5Fe3+
Oxidation Number Method yog dab tsi?
Oxidation naj npawb txoj kev yog cov txheej txheem kev tshuaj ntsuam peb tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab stoichiometric kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov reactants thiab cov khoom, siv cov kev hloov hauv oxidation ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm reactants mus rau cov khoom. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox, muaj ob qhov kev tshwm sim ib nrab: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau tib lub piv txwv li saum toj no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm permanganate thiab ferrous ions, oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ferrous rau hauv ferric ion thaum txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm permanganate ion rau manganese (II) ion.
Oxidation: Fe2+ ⟶ Fe3+
Reduction: MnO4– ⟶ Mn2+
Thaum ntsuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ua ntej peb yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov hloov pauv hauv oxidation xeev ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, +2 ntawm ferrous ion hloov mus rau hauv +3 ferric ion. Hauv kev txo qis, +7 ntawm manganese hloov mus rau +2. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem sib npaug cov oxidation xeev ntawm cov no los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm ib nrab-kev tshwm sim nrog rau qib ntawm increment / decrement ntawm oxidation xeev nyob rau hauv lwm yam ib nrab-reactions. Hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no, kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev oxidation rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation yog 1 thiab kev hloov hauv oxidation xeev rau kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog 5. Ces, peb yuav tsum muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation nrog 5 thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog 1.
5Fe2+ ⟶ 5Fe3+
MnO4– ⟶ Mn2+
Tom qab ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ntxiv ob qhov kev cuam tshuam ib nrab kom tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav thiab tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm lwm cov ntsiab lus (oxygen atoms) siv cov dej molecules thiab hydrogen ions kom sib npaug ntawm ionic nqi ntawm ob sab.
MnO4– + 8H+ + 5Fe2+ ⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 5Fe3+
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Ion Electron Method thiab Oxidation Number Method?
Ion electron txoj kev thiab oxidation naj npawb txoj kev yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev sib npaug tshuaj sib npaug. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ion electron txoj kev thiab oxidation naj npawb txoj kev yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ion electron txoj kev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog sib npaug nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm ions whereas, nyob rau hauv oxidation tooj txoj kev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog balanced nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov ntawm oxidation tooj ntawm oxidants thiab reductants..
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ion electron txoj kev thiab oxidation tooj txoj kev.
Summary – Ion Electron Method vs Oxidation Number Method
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ion electron txoj kev thiab oxidation naj npawb txoj kev yog nyob rau hauv ion electron txoj kev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog sib npaug nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm ions whereas, nyob rau hauv oxidation tooj txoj kev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog balanced nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov ntawm oxidation. Tus lej ntawm oxidants thiab reductants.
