Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - IUPAC vs Hom Lub Npe
Npe npe tshuaj lom neeg yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom ntseeg tau tias cov lus hais lossis sau cov npe tshuaj tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab ib lub npe yuav tsum xa mus rau ib yam khoom nkaus xwb. Cov npe ntawm IUPAC ua raws li kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb cov cai, thiab tag nrho cov tshuaj lom neeg tau txais lub npe raws li cov cai. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov npe sib xws tuaj yeem yog ib lub npe uas tsis muaj kev cai sib xws. Qee lub npe IUPAC yog qhov nyuaj rau nco ntsoov, thiab nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov qee qhov kev cai yooj yim hauv kev sau npe tshuaj lom neeg. Cov neeg paub ntau dua cov npe tshuaj ntau dua li lawv cov npe IUPAC vim feem ntau ntawm cov npe yooj yim nco qab, thiab lawv tsis muaj tus lej, cov npe ua ntej, thiab cov lus tom qab. Nov yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm IUPAC thiab Cov Npe.
IUPAC Lub Npe yog dab tsi?
IUPAC cov npe yog cov kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev tis npe tshuaj lom neeg. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj; inorganic compounds thiab organic compounds. Tsis muaj teeb meem pes tsawg ceg thiab ntev npaum li cas cov qauv molecular; IUPAC cov npe tuaj yeem siv los sau npe rau txhua qhov ntawm cov molecules. Tab sis, nws nyuaj heev rau lub npe tshuaj sib xyaw kom raug, yam tsis muaj kev paub txog cov cai no.
CaCO3 - Calcium Carbonate
Lub npe tshuaj lom neeg yog dab tsi?
Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis ua raws li cov cai tshwj xeeb xws li hauv cov npe IUPAC. Feem ntau, cov npe nrov yog ib qho yooj yim kom nco qab thiab siv tau yooj yim vim txoj kev naming tsis xav txog qhov loj ntawm cov molecule, cov pab pawg ua haujlwm, lossis cov molecular muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qee lub sijhawm, qee cov tshuaj muaj ib lub npe rau lawv lub npe thiab rau lub npe IUPAC.
CaCO3 - Limestone
Qhov txawv ntawm IUPAC thiab Hom Lub Npe yog dab tsi?
Range:
IUPAC Lub Npe: Txhua cov tshuaj lom neeg tau txais lub npe raws li IUPAC nomenclature. Lub npe IUPAC yog ncaj qha ntsig txog nws cov qauv tshuaj. Hauv lwm lo lus, IUPAC cov npe xav txog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm, cov saw hlau sab, thiab lwm yam kev sib txuas tshwj xeeb hauv cov molecule, Examples:
Nyob hauv qee cov molecules, IUPAC cov npe txiav txim siab txog txoj haujlwm uas cov pab pawg ua haujlwm nyob hauv cov molecule.
Cov Npe Hom: Qee cov tshuaj sib xyaw tsis muaj cov npe nrov. Qee lub npe yog ywj siab los ntawm lawv cov qauv.
Examples:
- HCOOH - formic acid
- HCHO - formaldehyde
- C6H6 - Benzene
- CH3COOH - acetic acid
Cov npe tsis xav txog txoj haujlwm uas pab pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog.
Examples:
Inorganic Compounds:
| Formula | IUPAC Lub npe | Lub Npe |
| 3sodium bicarbonate | sodium hydrogen carbonate | baking soda |
| NaBO3 | sodium perborate | bleach (khoom) |
| Na2B4O7.10 H2 O | sodium tetraborate, decahydrate | Boax |
| MgSO4.7 H2O | magnesium sulfate heptahydrate | Epsom ntsev |
| Ydichlorodifluoromethane | Freon | |
| PbS | lead (II) sulfide | galena |
| CaSO4.2 H2O | calcium sulfate dihydrate | gypsum |
| Na2S2O3 | sodium thiosulfate | hypo |
| N2O | dinitrogen oxide | laugh gas |
| CaO | calcium oxide | lime |
| CaCO3 | Ycalcium carbonate | limestone |
| NaOH | Ysodium hydroxide | lye |
| Mg(OH)2 | Ymagnesium hydroxide | mis nyuj ntawm magnesia |
| SiO2 | NYIAJ Silicon dioxide | quartz |
| NaCl | sodium chloride | ntsev |
Organic Compounds:
| Formula | IUPAC Lub npe | Lub Npe |
| CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | 2-butene | Symbutane |
| CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 | 2-propanol lossis propan-2-ol | Iso-propyl cawv |
| CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH 3 | YEthoxy ethane | YDiethyl ether |
| HCOOH | YMethanoic acid | Formic acid |
| CH3COOH | YEthanoic acid | YAcetic Acid |
| CH3-CO-OCH2-CH3 | YEthyl ethanoate | YEthyl acetate |
| H-CO-NH2 | Methanamide | Formamide |
