Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Liab vs Xiav Teeb
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Liab thiab Xiav lub teeb yog qhov kev xav tsim ntawm tib neeg retina. Nws yog kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub wavelengths.
yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb liab thiab xiav
Qee cov tsiaj tsis tuaj yeem pom cov xim sib txawv tsuas yog dub thiab dawb. Tab sis, tib neeg txheeb xyuas cov xim sib txawv hauv qhov pom ntau yam. Tib neeg retina muaj kwv yees li 6 lab lub khob hliav qab thiab 120 lab tus pas nrig. Cones yog cov neeg sawv cev rau kev paub xim. Muaj cov photoreceptors sib txawv hauv tib neeg lub qhov muag los txheeb xyuas cov xim yooj yim. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no, muaj tshwj xeeb tsim, sib cais cones nyob rau hauv tib neeg retina kom paub qhov txawv ntawm liab thiab xiav lub teeb. Cia peb mus dhau qhov tseeb tom qab Liab thiab Xiav kom meej.
Los ntawm kev siv V=fλ, kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm, wavelength thiab zaus, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb liab thiab xiav tuaj yeem sib piv. Ob leeg muaj tib lub nrawm raws li 299 792 458 ms-1 hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab lawv pw ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov pom ntawm electromagnetic spectrum. Tab sis thaum mus los ntawm qhov nruab nrab sib txawv, lawv nyiam taug kev ntawm qhov sib txawv uas ua rau lawv hloov lawv cov wavelengths thaum ua kom qhov zaus tsis tu ncua.
Liab thiab Xiav tuaj yeem kho raws li cov khoom ntawm lub hnub ci. Thaum lub hnub ci mus los ntawm lub iav prism los yog diffraction grating khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, nws daws yeej nyob rau hauv xya xim; Xiav thiab Liab yog ob ntawm lawv.
Lub teeb liab thiab xiav yog dab tsi?
Nyob hauv lub nqus tsev vacuum
Red Light: Kwv yees li 700 nm sib haum rau lub teeb hauv Red range
Blue Light: Kwv yees li 450 nm sib haum rau lub teeb hauv Blue range.
Diffraction
Lub teeb liab qhia pom ntau qhov sib txawv dua li lub teeb xiav vim nws muaj lub wavelength siab dua.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub wavelength ntawm ib nthwv dej yuav raug sib txawv nrog nruab nrab.
xov xwm
Peb pom cov xim, ua tsaug rau lub khob hliav qab hauv peb lub retina uas teb rau qhov sib txawv wavelengths.
Red Light: Red cones yog rhiab rau ntev wavelengths.
Blue Light: Blue cones yog rhiab rau luv luv wavelengths.
Lub zog ntawm Photon
Lub zog ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob nthwv dej yog qhia los ntawm cov mis mos, E=hf. Raws li quantum txoj kev xav, lub zog yog quantized, thiab ib qho tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov feem ntawm quantum, tsuas yog ib qho ntau ntawm quantum. Lub teeb xiav thiab liab muaj lub zog quanta. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem ua qauv, teeb liab raws li cov kwj ntawm 1.8 eV photons.
Blue light as a stream of 2.76 eV quanta (photons).
Applications
Red Light: Liab muaj qhov ntev tshaj plaws wavelength nyob rau hauv qhov pom ntau yam. Piv nrog xiav, lub teeb liab qhia tau tias muaj kev sib cais tsawg dua hauv huab cua. Yog li ntawd, Liab yog qhov ua tau zoo dua thaum siv nyob rau hauv huab cua txias ua lub teeb ceeb toom. Lub teeb liab hla txoj kev qis tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv pos huab, smog lossis los nag yog li feem ntau siv los ua chaw nres tsheb / Nres teeb thiab hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev phom sij ua haujlwm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub teeb xiav yog qhov tsis zoo hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no.
Blue Light: Lub teeb xiav tsis yog siv los ua qhov taw qhia. Blue lasers yog tsim los ua cov kev siv thev naus laus zis zoo xws li BLURAY players. Txij li thaum BLURAY thev naus laus zis xav tau lub teeb pom kev zoo los nyeem / sau cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj siab, Xiav laser tuaj rau hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem, ntaus Red lasers. Blue LED yog tus yau tshaj plaws ntawm LED tsev neeg. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tos ntev heev rau kev tsim cov Blue LED los ua lub zog txuag LED teeb. Nrog rau kev tsim ntawm Blue LED, lub tswv yim txuag hluav taws xob tau ua kom yooj yim thiab nce hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam.
Image Courtesy: "1416 Xim Sensitivity" los ntawm OpenStax College - Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. https://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013. (CC BY 3.0) via Commons “Dispersion prism”. (CC SA 1.0) via Commons
