Acid Fast vs Non Acid Fast Bacteria
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob acid nrawm thiab cov kab mob tsis muaj kua qaub yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes, hauv paus. Cov kab mob feem ntau raug txheeb xyuas thiab soj ntsuam nrog cov txheej txheem staining sib txawv. Acid ceev staining yog ib txoj hauv kev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qee hom kab mob los ntawm lwm tus. Txoj kev no tau pom thawj zaug los ntawm Franz Ziehl thiab Friedrich Neelsen. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Mycobacterium uas ua rau tuberculosis, tsis tuaj yeem stained thiab soj ntsuam siv lwm cov txheej txheem staining xws li gram stain. Neelsen thiab Ziehl stained cov kab mob no los ntawm kev ntxiv phenol (carbolic acid) thiab yooj yim fuchsin (e) nrog rau cov kua qaub cawv, yog li cov dye hu ua Carbol Fuchsin (e) tov los yog Ziehl - Neelsen stain.
Acid Fast Staining Procedure
Yuav kom ua tiav cov kev nkag siab ntawm cov kua qaub sai thiab cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub, ua ntej peb yuav mus dhau txoj kev staining. Acid fastness yog ib yam khoom ntawm cov kab mob uas tiv taus decolorization los ntawm cov kua qaub los yog kua qaub cawv thaum lub sij hawm staining. Qhov no yog thawj zaug piav los ntawm Paul Ehrlich. Ua raws li peb kauj ruam yog ua thaum lub sij hawm staining.
1. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov xim thawj - Carbolfuchsin yog thawj qhov tuag uas yog dej nyab dhau ntawm cov kab mob smear uas yog cua sov tsau rau ntawm cov swb huv si. Thaum tshav kub kub yog siv los xyuas kom meej qhov nkag ntawm cov xim mus rau cytoplasm.
2. Decolorization - kev kho kua qaub-cawv kom tshem tawm cov xim thawj.
3. Counterstaining - Methylene xiav yog siv los saib cov kab mob tsis muaj xim.
Acid Fast Bacteria yog dab tsi?
Cov kab mob uas muaj kua qaub nrawm yog hu ua cov kab mob acid ceev. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov kab mob uas tseem stained nrog xim liab tom qab decolorization kauj ruam thaum lub sij hawm acid ceev staining txheej txheem hu ua acid ceev cov kab mob. Dab tsi ua rau cov kab mob no muaj kua qaub nrawm? Zoo, yog tias peb xav txog ntu ntu ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes ntawm cov kab mob acid nrawm, nws tuaj yeem nkag siab yooj yim.
Acid ceev stain (los yog carbolfuchsin) khi tsuas yog rau cov kab mob uas muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Cov phab ntsa ntawm tes no muaj hydrophobic waxy lipid hu ua mycolic acid, uas nyob hauv 60% ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes. Vim muaj cov khoom siv hydrophobic, cov khoom siv dej soluble tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau cytoplasm. Tias yog vim li cas cov kab mob no tsis tuaj yeem stained los ntawm dej soluble dyes xws li methylene xiav. Carbolfuchsin yog tsim los ntawm phenol thiab fuchsin kom nws nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua kua qaub cawv decolorization kauj ruam, cov kua qaub cawv tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau cytoplasm vim muaj hydrophobic mycolic acid, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem carbolfuchsin los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm tes. Yog li thawj cov dye yuav nyob twj ywm hauv cytoplasm txawm tias tom qab decolorization kauj ruam.
Cov kab mob acid nrawm suav nrog ntau hom kab mob xws li Mycobacterium thiab Nocardia, uas yog kab mob rau tib neeg, ua rau tuberculosis thiab nocardiosis, feem.
Acid Fast Bacteria is red
Dab tsi yog cov kab mob uas tsis yog Acid Fast Bacteria?
Yog cov kab mob tsis muaj cov kua qaub ceev nws hu ua cov kab mob uas tsis muaj acid. Tom qab ua raws li cov txheej txheem staining ceev, cov kab mob no yuav stain nrog xiav. Qhov no yog vim cov kab mob uas tsis yog-acid ceev muaj cov phab ntsa nyias nyias thiab tsis muaj mycolic acid nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa. Qhov no tso cai rau kev nkag mus ntawm carbolfuchsin rau hauv cytoplasm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws raug tshem tawm nrog kev kho acid cawv, ua rau cov kab mob tsis muaj kab mob sai tsis muaj xim. Txhawm rau kom pom tseeb thiab sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob acid ceev, methylene xiav yuav pab tau ntawm no.
Nonacid ceev cov kab mob tuaj yeem stained siv gram stain lossis lwm yam txheej txheem staining yooj yim. Piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis muaj acid yog Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp.
Cov kab mob tsis muaj kua qaub nrawm yog xim xiav
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Acid Fast thiab Non Acid Fast Bacteria?
Acid Ceev:
• Acid ceev cov kab mob qhia cov kua qaub ceev.
• Cov kab mob tsis muaj kua qaub tsis muaj kua qaub nrawm.
Cell Wall:
• Acid ceev cov kab mob muaj cov phab ntsa tuab nrog mycolic acid txheej.
• Cov kab mob tsis muaj kua qaub tsis muaj txheej txheem no.
Gram Stain:
• Acid ceev cov kab mob yog nyuaj rau stains siv gram stain.
• Cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub tuaj yeem ua rau stained siv cov gram stain.
Pathogenic lossis Nonpathogenic:
• Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob acid nrawm yog cov kab mob.
• Cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub tuaj yeem ua rau kab mob lossis tsis muaj kab mob.
Bacilli lossis Cocci:
• Cov kab mob ceev ceev feem ntau yog cov kab mob bacilli.
• Cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub tuaj yeem yog kab mob bacilli lossis cocci.
