Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Gram Stain vs Acid Fast
Cov kab mob yog cov kab mob me me heev. Lawv yog pob tshab, thiab lawv qhov kev tshawb pom yog qhov nyuaj nyob rau hauv kev nyob thiab tsis muaj xim. Yog li, ntau txoj kev staining yog tsim los pab kom pom cov kab mob. Muaj peb hom kev staining loj: yooj yim staining, sib txawv staining, thiab structural staining. Differential staining yog ib qho txheej txheem uas siv ntau tshaj ib qho stain kom sib txawv cov kab mob. Gram stain thiab acid-ceev stain yog nrov tshaj plaws hu ua cov xim sib txawv. Gram staining yog txheej txheem staining sib txawv, uas cais cov kab mob ua ob pawg hu ua Gram-positive bacteria thiab Gram-negative bacteria. Cov kua qaub-ceev stain yog ib qho kev sib txawv siv los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob acid-ceev xws li Mycobacterium los ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Gram stain thiab Acid Fast stain.
Gram Stain yog dab tsi?
Gram stain yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv staining txheej txheem siv rau kev txheeb xyuas kab mob hauv microbiology. Cov txheej txheem no tau qhia los ntawm Danish Bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram hauv xyoo 1884. Gram staining categorizes cov kab mob ua ob pawg loj hu ua gram positive thiab gram negative, uas tseem ceeb heev hauv kev faib cov kab mob thiab kev txheeb xyuas. Cov kws kho mob microbiologists ua cov gram staining ua thawj kauj ruam hauv cov kab mob ua cim thaum lawv kawm.
Cov kab mob yog pawg raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Cov kab mob Gram zoo yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej peptidoglycan tuab hauv lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes thaum cov kab mob gram tsis zoo yog tsim los ntawm nyias peptidoglycan txheej hauv lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm gram staining yuav yog nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tuab ntawm peptidoglycan txheej ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes.
Grams staining yog ua los ntawm plaub yam reagents xws li; thawj stain, mordant, decolorizing tus neeg saib xyuas thiab txee stain. Crystal violet thiab safranin yog siv los ua cov thawj thiab cov txee stains, raws li thaum grams iodine thiab 95% cawv yog siv los ua mordant thiab decolourizer, raws li. Cov kauj ruam yooj yim ntawm grams stain yog raws li hauv qab no;
- Ib kab mob smear yog npaj rau ntawm lub khob huv si, kho cua sov thiab txias.
- Smear yog dej nyab nrog siv lead ua violet rau 1 - 2 feeb.
- Smear yog yaug nrog dej ntws qeeb kom tshem tawm cov stains ntau dhau.
- Grams iodine yog siv rau smear rau 1 feeb.
- Smear yaug nrog dej ntws qeeb
- Smear yog ntxuav nrog 95% cawv rau 2 - 5 vib nas this thiab yaug nrog dej ntws qeeb.
- Smear yog counter stained nrog safranin rau 1 feeb
- Smear yog yaug nrog dej ntws qeeb, qhuav thiab pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas.
Thaum kawg ntawm cov kab mob gram tsis zoo, cov kab mob gram tsis zoo yuav pom cov xim liab thaum cov kab mob zoo yuav pom cov xim liab.
Daim duab 01: Gram negative thiab Gram positive bacteria
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov grams stain yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov tuab ntawm peptidoglycan txheej hauv lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Thaum lub sij hawm decolorizing kauj ruam, thawj stain thiab mordant tau yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov kab mob gram tsis zoo thiab ua tsis muaj xim vim lawv muaj txheej nyias peptidoglycan. Thawj qhov stain yog khaws cia hauv cov kab mob gram zoo vim lawv muaj txheej peptidoglycan tuab. Lub txee stain yuav tsis zoo rau cov kab mob gram zoo vim yog khaws cia ntawm cov stain thawj. Yog li, cov kab mob zoo grams yuav pom nyob rau hauv thawj xim xim, uas yog, xim liab. Lub txee stain yuav ua rau cov kab mob gram tsis zoo, thiab lawv yuav pom hauv cov xim xaiv, uas yog xim safranin. Li no, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau categorize cov kab mob rau hauv ob pawg los ntawm gram stain thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov kab mob sib txawv thiab kev txheeb xyuas.
Acid ceev yog dab tsi?
Acid-fastness yog ib yam khoom ntawm lub cev ntawm qee cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb yog lawv tsis kam decolorization los ntawm cov kua qaub thaum cov txheej txheem staining. Thaum stained, cov kab mob no tiv taus dilute acid thiab ethanol raws li cov txheej txheem decolorization muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov txheej txheem staining. Yog li, lub npe 'acid fast' yog muab rau cov kab mob no. Cov cuab yeej no tau pom vim tias muaj cov khoom siv waxy siab (mycolic acids) hauv lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Qhov kev sim no tseem ceeb heev rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Daim duab 2: Acid Fast Mycobacteria
Cov kua qaub nrawm no tau tsim los ntawm Paul Ehrlich hauv xyoo 1882. Ehrlich cov txheej txheem ceev ceev tau hloov kho los ntawm Ziehl-Neelsen thiab tam sim no siv ntau zaus. Acid ceev staining txheej txheem muaj peb yam reagents. Carbol fuschin yog siv los ua cov khoom qub. Acid cawv yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev decolourizing. Methylene Blue yog siv los ua lub txee stain. Cov txheej txheem staining yog ua raws li hauv qab no.
- Cov thawj stain (carbol fuchsin) yog siv rau cov qauv ruaj khov ntawm cov swb (Tag nrho cov hlwb yuav stained xim liab).
- Swb yog cua sov los ntawm steaming rau 5 feeb, uas tsav cov stains mus rau hauv lub hlwb kom zoo.
- Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj decolorizing ntxiv (Qhov no tshem tawm cov xim liab ntawm txhua lub hlwb tshwj tsis yog cov kab mob acid ceev).
- Methylene xiav yog ntxiv rau hauv txee stain (Nws xim tag nrho cov kab mob decolorized).
- Acid ceev cov kab mob tseem liab thaum cov kab mob uas tsis yog cov kab mob sai stain hauv xiav.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Gram Stain thiab Acid Fast?
- Gram stain thiab Acid ceev yog ob txoj kev sib txawv ntawm cov xim.
- Ob txoj kev qhia cov kab mob ua ob pawg.
- Ob txoj kev siv ob lub stains thiab ib qho decolourizing.
Qhov txawv ntawm Gram Stain thiab Acid Fast yog dab tsi?
Gram Stain vs Acid Fast |
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| Gram staining yog txheej txheem staining sib txawv, uas cais cov kab mob ua ob pawg Gram-positive bacteria thiab Gram-negative bacteria. | Acid Fast stain yog cov kab sib txawv siv los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob acid-ceev ceev los ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub. |
| Pab Ntsuag | |
| Crystal violet yog cov feem ntau siv stain hauv gram staining. | Carbol fuchsin yog thawj cov stain siv hauv cov kua qaub ceev. |
| Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm Decolourizing | |
| 95% cawv yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev decolourizing hauv gram stain. | Acid cawv yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev decolourizing hauv acid ceev. |
| Counter Stain | |
| Gram stain siv safranin ua lub txee stain. | Acid ceev stain siv methylene xiav ua lub txee stain. |
| Gram negative bacteria raug soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv xaiv xim thiab grams zoo kab mob yog pom nyob rau hauv cov xim liab. | Cov kab mob Acid ceev tau pom hauv cov xim liab thiab cov kab mob uas tsis yog kua qaub tau pom hauv cov xim xiav. |
Summary – Gram Stain vs Acid Fast
Kev pom cov kab mob nyob hauv lub xeev nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txheej txheem staining yog siv dav los kawm txog lawv cov khoom. Differential staining yog ib hom staining txheej txheem siv los sib txawv cov kab mob. Gram stain thiab acid fast stain yog ob txoj kev sib txawv staining. Gram staining txawv cov kab mob gram tsis zoo thiab cov kab mob gram zoo raws li qhov tuab ntawm lawv cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Acid ceev staining sib txawv acid ceev cov kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis yog acid ceev raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm mycolic acid nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov kua qaub ceev thiab gram stain.
Download PDF Version of Gram Stain vs Acid Fast
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Gram Stain thiab Acid Fast.
