Nkauj vs Channel Proteins
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los thauj cov khoom hla ntawm lub cell membrane, thiaj li ua kom cov hlwb ua haujlwm thiab muaj sia nyob. Cov tshuaj no yog thauj los ntawm daim nyias nyias thauj cov protein nyob rau hauv lub plasma membrane ntawm cov hlwb. Muaj ob hom membrane thauj proteins; carrier proteins thiab channel proteins, uas yog implicated nyob rau hauv kev thauj cov dej soluble thiab insoluble tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub cell membrane. Cov proteins no yeej tso cai dhau cov polar molecules xws li ions, qab zib, amino acids, nucleotides, thiab cov metabolites thoob plaws hauv cov plasma membrane.
Cov kab mob Proteins yog dab tsi?
Cov khoom noj muaj protein ntau yog cov protein ntau uas txuas mus rau lipid bilayer ntawm cell membrane, thiab ua haujlwm rau cov dej soluble xws li qabzib thiab electrolytes. Thaum thauj cov kua nplaum, cov khoom thauj cov protein khi cov kua nplaum ntawm ib sab ntawm daim nyias nyias, hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab tso tawm rau sab nraud ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov proteins no tuaj yeem kho ob qho tib si nquag thiab passive thauj. Thaum lub sij hawm passive thauj, molecules diffuse raws qhov concentration gradient yam tsis tau siv lub zog. Kev thauj mus los ua haujlwm yog qhov txav ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tawm tsam cov concentration gradient, thiab nws xav tau lub zog. Carrier proteins ua zoo li enzymes. Lawv khi tsuas yog cov molecules tshwj xeeb, thiab hom kev txuas yog zoo ib yam li ntawm qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme thiab nws cov substrate. Piv txwv rau qee cov cab kuj muaj xws li; Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT-4), Na+-K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase etc.
Channel Proteins yog dab tsi?
Channel proteins yog xaiv ion, thiab muaj lub pore uas cov kua nplaum dhau ntawm tus nqi flux siab thaum lub channel qhib. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov channel protiens muaj xws li kev xaiv cov kuab tshuaj, qhov nrawm ntawm cov kua dej permeation, thiab cov txheej txheem gating uas tswj cov kua dej permeation. Qee qhov tseem ceeb channel proteins suav nrog; dihydropyridine receptor, Ca2+ channel protein, qeeb Na+ channel protein, ceev Na+ channel proteins, Nicotinic Acetylcholine (nACh) receptor, N-methyl-D-asparate thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Carrier thiab Channel Proteins?
• Solutes diffuse los ntawm lub pore ntawm channel proteins, whereas cov hauj lwm proteins khi solutes ntawm ib sab ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab tso tawm rau lwm sab.
• Piv nrog cov proteins channel, cov khoom thauj cov proteins muaj kev thauj mus los qeeb heev (ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 1000 solute molecules ib ob).
• Tsis zoo li cov khoom thauj khoom, cov proteins muaj cov pore, uas ua rau kev thauj mus los yooj yim.
• Tsis zoo li channel proteins, carrier proteins muaj alternate solute-bound conformations.
• Channel proteins yog lipoproteins, hos cov carrier proteins yog glycoproteins.
• Carrier proteins can intermediate ob qho tib si nquag thiab passive thauj, thaum channel proteins tuaj yeem kho kom haum rau kev thauj mus los xwb.
• Channel proteins yog synthesized ntawm ribosomes khi rau endoplasmic reticulum, thaum carrier proteins yog synthesized ntawm dawb ribosomes nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm.
• Carrier proteins tuaj yeem thauj cov molecules los yog ions tiv thaiv cov concentration gradient, thaum channel protein tsis tuaj yeem.
• Carrier proteins txav hla lub membrane, whereas channel proteins tsis txav thaum thauj molecules los yog ions.
• Channel proteins tsuas dhau dej soluble molecules, thaum carrier proteins thauj cov dej soluble thiab insoluble tshuaj.
