Primary vs Secondary pollutants
Nrog kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv nroog, ntau cov pa phem raug tso tawm rau ib puag ncig. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov pa phem, lawv cov teebmeem thiab lawv tso tawm rau ib puag ncig li cas thiaj li txo tau lawv cov teebmeem. Peb tham txog huab cua muaj kuab paug, dej muaj kuab paug, av paug, huab cua phem thiab ntau hom kev ua qias tuaj. Txhua hom kev ua qias tuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa phem sib txawv thiab lawv cov peev txheej kuj txawv. Txij li thaum tag nrho cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv qhov sib txuas ua ke, kev puas tsuaj rau ib lub caij yuav pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab thaum kawg ua rau tag nrho lub cev puas tsuaj. Nws yuav rhuav tshem lub ntuj sib npaug.
Huab cua muaj kuab paug yog qhia cov khoom tsis zoo xws li tshuaj lom neeg rau huab cua. Txhawm rau categorize raws li cov pa phem, cov tshuaj no yuav tsum ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis tsim kev puas tsuaj rau cov kab mob uas muaj sia nyob, ib puag ncig ntuj, lossis ib puag ncig tsim. Cov pa phem tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv, cov kua dej los yog cov pa roj. Qee cov pa phem yog ntuj tsim, thiab qee qhov yog tib neeg tsim. Cov pa phem tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob yam li cov pa phem thawj thiab cov pa phem thib ob.
Cov pa phem yog dab tsi?
Cov pa phem tseem ceeb yog cov ncaj qha tso rau hauv qhov chaw los ntawm qhov chaw. Cov no tuaj yeem raug tso tawm hauv txoj kev ntuj los yog vim tib neeg ua. Gases thiab tshauv emitted los ntawm ib tug volcanic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog thawj cov pa phem emitted nyob rau hauv ib tug natural txoj kev. Cov pa roj carbon dioxide tawm ntawm lub tsheb yog thawj cov pa phem tso tawm vim tib neeg ua haujlwm. Muaj ntau yam khoom qias neeg uas tsim kev puas tsuaj.
Sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, peroxyacetyl nitrate, thiab chlorofluorocarbons yog ib co ntawm cov thawj cov pa phem. Sulfur dioxide yog tsim los ntawm volcanoes nrog rau cov txheej txheem kev lag luam (qhov twg sulfur muaj cov ntsiab lus raug rau combustion). Nitrogen oxide yog tsim ib txwm thaum lub teeb ci. Cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txuas tsis tiav tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hlawv fossil fuels.
Cov pa phem hauv huab cua ua rau muaj teeb meem loj xws li lub ntiaj teb sov sov, nag los nag, thiab lwm yam. Thaum xav txog cov pa phem, qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv yog lub tsheb tsav. Fossil fuel burning tso ib tug sib tov ntawm thawj cov pa phem. Cov pa phem tseem ceeb kuj tuaj yeem ua ntej rau cov pa phem thib ob. Muaj qee cov pa phem uas tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab cov pa phem. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias thaum lawv raug tso tawm los ntawm qhov chaw ncaj qha, lawv tau tsim los ntawm lwm cov pa phem ib yam nkaus.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Kev Ua Phem Thib Ob?
Cov pa phem thib ob tsis raug tso ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw ua pa phem. Es lawv yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov huab cua siv lwm yam pa phem. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum thawj cov pa phem tshwm sim lossis cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov molecules thib ob cov pa phem raug tsim. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev tso tawm cov pa phem rau huab cua, tsis yog nws muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha, tab sis nws cuam tshuam rau huab cua hauv txoj kev tsis ncaj ncees ib yam nkaus.
Ozone yog ib qho ntawm cov pa phem thib ob. Nws yog tsim los ntawm hydrocarbons thiab nitrogen oxide nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tshav ntuj. Secondary pollutants ua teeb meem xws li photochemical smog.
Qhov txawv ntawm Thawj Cov Plua Plav thiab Cov Paum Thib Ob yog dab tsi?
Cov pa phem tseem ceeb raug tso ncaj qha rau hauv huab cua los ntawm qhov chaw. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov pa phem thib ob yog tsim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pa phem thawj thiab lwm cov molecules.
Cov pa phem tseem ceeb raug tso tawm vim yog tib neeg kev ua ub no lossis ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa phem thib ob feem ntau, ua ib txwm muaj.
Kev tswj kev tso tawm cov pa phem yog yooj yim dua li tswj txoj hauv kev ntawm cov pa phem thib ob ua ke.
