Absorption Spectrum vs Emission Spectrum
Kev nqus thiab emission spectra ntawm ib hom pab txheeb xyuas cov hom thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv ntau txog lawv. Thaum nqus thiab emission spectra ntawm ib hom muab tso ua ke, lawv tsim cov spectrum tas mus li.
Dab tsi yog Absorption Spectrum?
Kev nqus spectrum yog ib zaj duab xis kos ntawm absorbance thiab wavelength. Qee zaum siv wavelength, zaus lossis yoj tus lej kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv x axis. Log absorption tus nqi lossis tus nqi sib kis kuj tseem siv rau y axis hauv qee lub sijhawm. Absorption spectrum yog yam ntxwv rau ib qho molecule los yog atom. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas lossis lees paub tus kheej ntawm ib hom tsiaj. Cov xim sib xyaw yog pom rau peb lub qhov muag hauv cov xim tshwj xeeb vim nws nqus lub teeb los ntawm qhov pom ntau yam. Qhov tseeb, nws nqus cov xim sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov xim peb pom. Piv txwv li, peb pom ib yam khoom raws li ntsuab vim nws nqus ntshav lub teeb los ntawm qhov pom ntau yam. Yog li ntawd, ntshav liab yog cov xim ntxiv ntawm ntsuab. Ib yam li ntawd, atoms lossis molecules kuj nqus tau qee qhov wavelengths los ntawm electromagnetic radiation (cov wavelengths no tsis tas yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov pom ntau yam). Thaum ib lub teeb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hla dhau los ntawm cov qauv uas muaj cov atoms gaseous, tsuas yog qee qhov wavelengths yog absorbed los ntawm atoms. Yog li thaum lub spectrum raug kaw, nws muaj ntau cov kab nqaim heev. Qhov no yog lub npe hu ua atomic spectrum, thiab nws yog yam ntxwv rau hom atom. Lub zog absorbed yog siv los ua kom cov av electrons mus rau qib siab hauv atom. Qhov no yog hu ua kev hloov hluav taws xob. Lub zog sib txawv ntawm ob theem yog muab los ntawm photons hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Txij li thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog yog kev txawj ntse thiab tsis tu ncua, tib hom atoms yuav ib txwm nqus tib lub wavelengths los ntawm cov hluav taws xob muab. Thaum cov molecules zoo siab nrog UV, pom thiab IR hluav taws xob, lawv tau txais peb hom kev hloov pauv xws li hluav taws xob, kev vibrational thiab rotational. Vim li no, hauv molecular absorption spectra, absorption bands tshwm es tsis txhob nqaim kab.
Emission Spectrum yog dab tsi?
Atoms, ions, thiab molecules tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog siab dua los ntawm kev muab lub zog. Lub neej ntawm lub xeev zoo siab yog feem ntau luv. Yog li ntawd, cov tsiaj zoo siab no yuav tsum tso lub zog nqus thiab rov qab los rau hauv av. Qhov no yog hu ua so. Kev tso tawm ntawm lub zog tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob los yog ob qho tib si. Cov zajlus ntawm tso tawm lub zog piv rau lub wavelength yog hu ua emission spectrum. Txhua lub ntsiab lus muaj qhov tshwj xeeb emission spectrum, zoo li nws muaj qhov tshwj xeeb nqus spectrum. Yog li hluav taws xob los ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem ua tus cwj pwm los ntawm emission spectra. Kab spectra tshwm sim thaum cov hom radiating yog ib tus neeg atomic particles uas zoo sib cais hauv cov pa roj. Band spectra tshwm sim vim hluav taws xob ntawm molecules.
Qhov txawv ntawm Absorption thiab Emission Spectrums yog dab tsi?
• Absorption spectrum muab lub wavelengths, uas ib hom yuav nqus thiaj li excite rau lub xeev sab sauv. Emission spectrum muab lub wavelengths ib hom yuav tso tawm thaum rov qab los rau hauv av xeev los ntawm lub xeev zoo siab.
• Kev nqus spectrum tuaj yeem kaw thaum muab hluav taws xob rau cov qauv thaum emission spectrum tuaj yeem kaw thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob.
