Ray vs Beam
Ib txoj kab hluav taws xob yog ib lub tswv yim siv hauv optics. Beam yog ib lub tswv yim siv nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw ntawm physics. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kab hluav taws xob thiab kab teeb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nkag siab txog kev tshawb fawb zoo li no. Cov tswv yim no tau siv dav hauv geometrical optics, niaj hnub optics, niaj hnub physics, particle physics, electromagnetic txoj kev xav thiab ntau yam hauj lwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo hauv cov ntsiab lus no thiaj li ua tau zoo hauv cov haujlwm no. Cov lus ray thiab beam yuav zoo li txhais tau tias tib yam thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, tab sis cov ntsiab lus no tuav ob lub ntsiab lus sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi yog rays thiab dab tsi yog beam, lub ntsiab lus ntawm beam thiab rays, kev siv ntawm rays thiab beam, zoo sib xws ntawm rays thiab beam, thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm rays thiab beam.
Ray
Ray yog ib lub tswv yim dav siv hauv optics. Ib txoj kab hluav taws xob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nqaim nqaim lossis ib kab ntawm lub teeb. Qhov no yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb heev hauv geometrical optics. Hauv geometrical optics, yuav luag tag nrho cov kev suav yog ua tiav siv lub teeb rays. Lub teeb pom kev zoo tagnrho muaj xoom dav. Lub teeb ntawm lub teeb tsis cuam tshuam txog yam xws li theem ntawm lub teeb. Txoj kev siv los tsim cov duab hluav taws xob ntawm cov tshuab hu ua ray tracing. Ray tracing yog ib txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum nws los txog rau kev tsom xam ntawm cov tshuab kho qhov muag nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub teeb teb yog muab faib ua rays thiab ray tracing yog siv los kwv yees tus cwj pwm ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub muab system. Lub tswv yim ntawm txoj kab hluav taws xob tsuas yog siv rau lub teeb. Lub teeb tsis suav tias yog nthwv dej hauv txoj kev xav ntawm lub teeb. Yog li ntawd, yoj phenomena xws li tawg, diffraction, thiab cuam tshuam tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia siv cov qauv hluav taws xob. Muaj ob peb yam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov rays raug hu ua raws li qhov chaw nws tshwm sim. Lub teeb hluav taws xob, uas ntog rau ntawm ib qho khoom, yog lub npe hu ua qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob; Lub teeb hluav taws xob uas cuam tshuam los ntawm ib qho khoom hu ua lub teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lub teeb hluav taws xob uas cuam tshuam los ntawm ib qho khoom hu ua refracted ray.
Beam
Ib kab teeb yog qhov nqaim ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov khoom lossis cov nthwv dej. Muaj ob hom kab loj loj. Cov no yog lub teeb (los yog electromagnetic) beams thiab particle beams. Beams yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb thiab kev siv. Cov khoom siv xws li cathode ray tubes, particle accelerators, LASER li siv cov kab teeb. Ob hom kab teeb tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog tib yam, vim hais tias cov khoom kuj muaj yoj zog (thiab vice versa).
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Beam thiab Ray?
• Ib tug nqaj yog ib tug nyias projection ntawm hais los yog nthwv dej. Ib txoj kab hluav taws xob yog lub teeb pom kev zoo.
• Ib nqaj muaj qhov dav dav, thiab nws tuaj yeem pom lub cev. Ib txoj kab hluav taws xob yog lub tswv yim, uas tsis tuaj yeem pom lub cev, thiab txoj kab hluav taws xob muaj qhov dav dav.
• rays tsuas yog tham nyob rau hauv lub teeb, tab sis kab teeb yog tham nyob rau hauv ob nthwv dej thiab hais.
• Wave zog xws li wavelength, amplitude, thiab theem raug tshem tawm thaum lub teeb sib tham. Txhua yam cuab yeej ntawm nthwv dej lossis cov khoom tuaj yeem tham hauv ib lub teeb.
