Deformation vs Strain | Elastic Deformation thiab Plastic Deformation, Hooke txoj cai
Deformation yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev vim yog lub zog thiab lub zog siv rau nws. Strin yog lub zog tsim los ntawm elasticity ntawm ib yam khoom. Ob qho tib si deformation thiab strain yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tau tham hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Cov ntsiab lus no tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov khoom siv science, mechanical engineering, civil engineering thiab biological sciences. Kev koom tes ntawm deformation thiab strain rau cov kev tshawb fawb no loj heev, thiab cov ntsiab lus no tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua tau zoo hauv cov haujlwm no. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi deformation thiab strain yog, lawv cov ntsiab lus, zoo sib xws ntawm deformation thiab strain, thiab thaum kawg qhov sib txawv ntawm deformation thiab strain.
Txoj Kev
Thaum qhov kev ntxhov siab sab nrauv raug siv rau lub cev, lub cev nyiam rub nws tus kheej sib nrug. Qhov no ua rau qhov kev ncua deb ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv lub lattice nce. Txhua lub atom sim rub nws cov neeg nyob ze kom ze li sai tau. Qhov no ua rau lub zog sim tiv thaiv qhov deformation. Lub zog no hu ua strain. Cov nyhuv no tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev siv lub zog muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntawv cog lus. Cov ntawv cog lus hauv cov khoom siv zoo li cov dej me me. Qhov nruab nrab txoj hauj lwm los yog qhov sib npaug ntawm lub atom yog thaum tsis muaj zog ua rau cov khoom. Thaum ib tug quab yuam yog siv cov bonds yog stretched los yog cog lus. Qhov no ua rau lub zog muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntawv cog lus tau siab dua. Lub zog muaj peev xwm tsim los ntawm qhov no nyob rau hauv lem tsim ib lub zog, uas yog opposite rau lub zog thov. Lub zog no hu ua lub zog.
Deformation
Deformation yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov duab ntawm txhua yam khoom vim yog lub zog ua rau nws. Deformation los ntawm ob hom. Lawv yog xws li elastic deformation thiab yas deformation. Yog hais tias ib daim duab ntawm kev nyuaj siab piv rau cov hom phiaj yog npaj, cov phiaj xwm yuav yog ib qho linear rau qee qhov qis dua ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov no linear cheeb tsam yog thaj tsam uas cov khoom yog deformed elastically. Elastic deformation yog ib txwm thim rov qab. Nws suav nrog Hooke txoj cai. Lub Hooke txoj cai hais tias rau qhov elasticity ntawm cov khoom siv, kev ntxhov siab yog sib npaug rau cov khoom ntawm Young's modulus thiab strain ntawm cov khoom. Lub elastic deformation ntawm ib tug khoom yog ib tug reversible txheej txheem, thaum lub thov kev nyuaj siab raug tshem tawm cov khoom rov qab mus rau nws thawj lub xeev. Thaum cov phiaj xwm kev ntxhov siab tiv thaiv kab mob yog linear, lub kaw lus tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub xeev elastic. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab siab, zaj dab neeg hla me me dhia ntawm axes. Qhov no yog qhov txwv uas nws dhau los ua cov yas deformation. Qhov kev txwv no yog hu ua lub zog tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv. Yas deformation tshwm sim feem ntau vim yog zawv zawg ntawm ob txheej ntawm cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem zawv zawg no tsis thim rov qab. Cov yas deformation qee zaum hu ua qhov tsis tuaj yeem deformation, tab sis qhov tseeb, qee hom yas deformation yog thim rov qab.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Nyuaj Siab thiab Deformation?
• Strin is force, whereas deformation is change of shape.
• Lim yog ntsuas kom muaj nuj nqis whereas deformation tsis ntsuas.
• Cov kab mob ntawm ib yam khoom nruj me ntsis nyob ntawm lub zog sab nraud siv. Lub deformation ntawm ib yam khoom nyob ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, cov khoom thiab seb cov khoom puas nyob rau hauv ib tug elastic deformation los yog ib tug yas deformation.
