Alkali vs Alkaline
Feem ntau, alkali yog siv los qhia cov hauv paus. Nws yog siv los ua ib lub npe thiab alkaline yog siv los ua ib qho adjective. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov ntsiab lus no, lawv tau siv los qhia txog pawg 1 thiab pawg 2 hlau hauv lub rooj sib tham. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv siv los qhia cov ntsiab lus, feem ntau alkali hlau thiab alkaline ntiaj teb hlau cov ntsiab lus siv.
Alkali
Alkali yog ib lo lus uas feem ntau siv rau cov hlau hauv pawg 1 ntawm lub sijhawm teem sijhawm. Cov no tseem hu ua alkali hlau. Txawm hais tias H kuj suav nrog hauv pab pawg no, nws txawv me ntsis. Yog li ntawd, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs) thiab Francium (Fr) yog cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg no. Alkali hlau yog mos, ci, silvery xim hlau. Lawv txhua tus tsuas muaj ib qho hluav taws xob hauv lawv lub plhaub sab nrauv, thiab lawv nyiam tshem tawm qhov no thiab tsim +1 cations. Thaum sab nraud feem ntau cov electrons zoo siab, nws rov qab los rau hauv av thaum emitting hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv qhov pom ntau yam. Lub emission ntawm no electron yog ib qho yooj yim, yog li alkali hlau yog heev reactive. Lub reactivity nce hauv kab. Lawv tsim ionic compounds nrog rau lwm cov electronegative atoms. Qhov tseeb dua, alkali raug xa mus rau carbonate lossis hydroxide ntawm alkali hlau. Lawv kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Lawv iab hauv saj, nplua, thiab hnov mob nrog cov kua qaub kom ua rau lawv tsis zoo.
Alkaline
'Alkaline' muaj alkali zog. Pawg 1 thiab pawg 2 cov ntsiab lus, uas tseem hu ua alkali hlau thiab alkaline ntiaj teb hlau, raug suav tias yog alkaline thaum lawv yaj hauv dej. Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, thiab calcium carbonate yog qee qhov piv txwv. Arrhenius txhais cov hauv paus raws li cov tshuaj uas tsim OH– hauv kev daws. Cov molecules saum toj no tsim OH– thaum yaj hauv dej, yog li ntawd, ua zoo li cov hauv paus. Alkaline daws tau yooj yim nrog cov kua qaub ua dej thiab ntsev molecules. Lawv qhia pH tus nqi siab dua 7 thiab tig liab litmus rau xiav. Muaj lwm lub hauv paus tshwj tsis yog cov hauv paus alkaline zoo li NH3 Lawv kuj muaj tib yam khoom siv.
Alkaline tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho lus piav qhia txog cov khoom yooj yim; Kuj, alkaline tuaj yeem siv tshwj xeeb los hais txog pawg 2 cov ntsiab lus, uas tseem hu ua alkaline ntiaj teb hlau. Lawv muaj Beryllium (Be) magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), thiab radium (Ra). Lawv yog cov mos mos thiab reactive ntsiab. Cov ntsiab lus no muaj peev xwm tsim +2 cations; Yog li ntawd, ua ionic ntsev nrog electronegative ntsiab. Thaum cov hlau alkaline react nrog dej, lawv tsim alkaline hydroxide (beryllium tsis hnov mob nrog dej).
Qhov txawv ntawm Alkali thiab Alkaline yog dab tsi?
• Alkali lub sij hawm siv los paub txog pawg 1 cov ntsiab lus, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs) thiab Francium (Fr). Alkaline lub sij hawm siv los sawv cev rau pawg 2 cov ntsiab lus Beryllium (Be) magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), thiab radium (Ra). Alkali hlau yog reactive dua li alkaline ntiaj teb hlau.
• Alkali hlau yog mos ntau dua li cov alkaline.
• Alkalis muaj ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob nyob rau sab nraud feem ntau lub plhaub thiab alkaline ntiaj teb hlau muaj ob lub electrons.
• Alkali forms +1 cations, thiab alkaline forms +2 cations.
