Yum vs RPM
Thaum lub sijhawm pib Linux kev teeb tsa, kev xaiv loj dua ntawm cov kev pabcuam raug teeb tsa los ntawm lub neej ntawd, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj qee lub sijhawm uas tus neeg siv xav tau cov kev pabcuam tshiab tau teeb tsa. Qee lub sij hawm rov qab, cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau muab sau ua ke thiab tsim qhov chaws los nruab ib qhov kev pab cuam tshiab. Tab sis tam sim no, cov neeg siv tau yooj yim nruab cov kev pab cuam ua ntej hu ua pob. Cov cuab yeej tswj pob yog siv los nruab, hloov kho thiab tshem cov pob ntawm Linux faib. RPM yog tus thawj tswj pob nrov siv ntawm Linux platforms. YUM yog qib siab pem hauv ntej rau RPM. RPM tau tsim los ntawm Red Hat, thaum YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Hloov Kho) yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm Duke University rau kev tswj hwm Red Hat systems hauv chav kuaj physics. RPM muaj cov kab lus hais kom ua haujlwm yooj yim, tuaj yeem tau txais cov pob khoom los ntawm Is Taws Nem, khaws cov pob teeb tsa hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab tuaj yeem koom ua ke nrog lwm tus neeg siv GUIs. YUM muab ob peb lwm cov haujlwm ntxiv rau saum cov haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm ntawm RPM.
RPM yog dab tsi?
RPM tau qhia los ntawm Red Hat hauv xyoo 1995. Nws yog Ameslikas hu ua Red Hat Package Manager, tab sis tam sim no nws yog lub npe hu ua RPM Package Manager. RPM yog lub neej ntawd pob manger hauv Linux Standard Base (LSB). Nws yog Ameslikas tsim rau Red Hat Linux (uas tau txiav tawm xyoo 2004), tab sis nws tau siv los ntawm ntau lwm GNU / Linux kev faib tawm nrog rau qee qhov kev khiav haujlwm (xws li Novell NetWare thiab IBM AIX). RPM tuaj yeem nug, txheeb xyuas, teeb tsa, hloov kho, tshem cov pob thiab ua lwm yam haujlwm. Cov lus txib kom hu RPM yog rpm thiab qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm RPM cov ntaub ntawv kuj yog.rpm. Feem ntau, lo lus RPM yog siv los xa mus rau ob qho tib si software thiab hom ntaub ntawv. RPM muaj cov software ua raws, thaum lwm cov ntaub ntawv SPRM muaj feem cuam tshuam los yog cov ntawv sau ntawm cov khoom tsis sib xws. Cryptographic pov thawj ntawm RPM pob khoom raug tso cai los ntawm GPG thiab MD5. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas (PatchRPM thiab DeltaRPM) tuaj yeem hloov kho cov software nruab los ntawm RPM. Tsis tas li ntawd, RPM ntsuas qhov kev cia siab ntawm lub sijhawm tsim tau.
Yum yog dab tsi?
Yum (Yellowdog Updater, Hloov Kho) yog pob khoom rau RPM-tshaj Linux faib. Nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm qib siab wrapper rau RPM. Nws yog tus thawj tswj hwm pob qhib qhib, uas muaj peev xwm hais kom ua kab. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov cuab yeej uas twb muaj lawm uas tuaj yeem muab GUI ua haujlwm rau YUM. Nws yog tag nrho rov sau dua ntawm YUP (Yellowdog Updater), uas yog tsim los ntawm Duke. YUM tam sim no tau siv hauv Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), Fedora, CentOS thiab Yellow Dog Linux (hloov YUP). Tsis siv neeg hloov tshiab ntawm software yog haum los ntawm yum-updateesd, yum-updatenboot, yup-cron lossis PackageKit pob. YUM XML repository (sau ntawm pob khoom) yog thawj ntawm nws hom rau RPM-raws li systems.
Yum thiab RPM txawv li cas?
RPM yog tus thawj tswj pob rau Linux-based systems, thaum YUM yog tus tswj hwm pob khoom siv rau RPM-raws li Linux faib. Hauv lwm lo lus, YUM yog frontend (high-level wrapper) rau RPM. RPM tuaj yeem raug txheeb xyuas raws li qib qis, piv rau YUM. YUM siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv RPM databases kom nws yooj yim dua los tswj tag nrho cov pob khoom khaws cia hauv qhov system. Ntxiv nrog rau kev muab cov qib siab pem hauv ntej rau RPM, YUM ntxiv kev hloov kho tsis siv neeg thiab kev tswj hwm kev vam khom. Tsis zoo li RPM, YUM muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm nrog cov chaw khaws cia.
