Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allopatric thiab peripatric speciation yog qhov allopatric speciation tshwm sim thaum cov pej xeem sib cais thaj chaw los ntawm ib leeg kom lawv tsis tuaj yeem sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib leeg, thaum peripatric speciation tshwm sim thaum cov tsiaj kis mus rau thaj chaw loj dua, ua kom muaj kev sib tshuam. ntawm cov tswv cuab hauv pab pawg.
Speciation is the creation of a new kind of plant or animal species. Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim thaum ib pab pawg hauv ib hom sib cais los ntawm lwm cov tswv cuab thiab tsim cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv. Muaj plaub qhov sib txawv loj ntawm natural speciation. Lawv yog allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, thiab sympatric. Speciation kuj tuaj yeem raug ntxias dag los ntawm kev ua tsiaj txhu, kev sim kuaj, thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. Genetic drift yog ib qho tseem ceeb pab rau speciation.
Dab tsi yog Allopatric Speciation?
Allopatric speciation yog ib hom kev speciation uas tshwm sim thaum cov pej xeem nyob ib leeg nyob ib leeg. Ntau qhov kev hloov ntawm thaj chaw xws li kev txav mus los ntawm cov teb chaws thiab tsim cov roob, dej hauv av, glaciers, thiab cov Islands tuaj, nrog rau cov kev hloov pauv vim kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev loj hlob los ntawm tib neeg, cuam tshuam rau kev faib tawm ntawm hom pejxeem, cais hom pejxeem cais rau hauv cov subpopulations. Allopatric speciation tsis pab txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg lom neeg mus rau qhov twg nws tiv thaiv lossis cuam tshuam nrog cov noob ntws. Allopatric speciation tseem hu ua geographic speciation lossis vicariant speciation.
Daim duab 01: Allopatric Speciation
Cov neeg nyob hauv Vicariant tau txais kev hloov pauv caj ces thaum lawv dhau los ntawm kev xaiv kev nyuaj siab, sib sau ua ke sib txawv, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm caj ces. Kev rho menyuam tawm yog suav tias yog thawj lub tswv yim uas ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces allopatric speciation. Feem ntau cov txheej txheem ntawm allopatric speciation yog pre-zygotic thiab post-zygotic cais. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txiav txim siab seb daim ntawv twg hloov pauv ua ntej yog qhov nyuaj. Pre-zygotic yog qhov muaj kev cuam tshuam ua ntej kev ua fertilization, thaum tom qab zygotic yog kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev sib raug zoo tom qab yug me nyuam.
Peripatric Speciation yog dab tsi?
Peripatric speciation yog ib hom kev speciation qhov twg cov tsiaj kis mus rau ib cheeb tsam loj, pab txhawb kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tswv cuab hauv pab pawg. Yog tias cov neeg me me ntawm hom raug cais, kev xaiv yuav ua rau cov pej xeem tsis hais leej niam leej txiv.
Daim duab 02: Peripatric Speciation
Peripatric speciation yog qhov txawv siv peb yam tseem ceeb: qhov loj ntawm cov pej xeem uas raug cais tawm, txoj hlua xaiv los ntawm kev sib cais, thiab colonization mus rau ib puag ncig tshiab thiab nws cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm genetic drifts rau cov neeg me. Qhov loj ntawm cov neeg nyob ib leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias cov tib neeg colonize cov chaw nyob tshiab uas tsuas muaj ib qho piv txwv me me ntawm kev hloov caj ces ntawm cov tib neeg qub. Nyob ntawd, kev sib txawv tshwm sim vim muaj kev xaiv muaj zog. Qhov no ua rau kev kho sai ntawm alleles hauv cov neeg. Qhov no kuj ua rau muaj peev xwm genetic incompatibilities thaum lub sij hawm evolution. Xws li kev tsis sib haum xeeb ua rau muaj kev sib cais ntawm kev ua me nyuam thiab ua rau muaj qhov xwm txheej ceev ceev.
Peripatric speciation feem ntau yog txhawb los ntawm hom kev faib tawm hauv qhov xwm txheej. Cov pov thawj muaj zog tshaj plaws rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm peripatric speciation yog dej hiav txwv Islands tuaj thiab archipelagos.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Allopatric thiab Peripatric Speciation?
- Allopatric thiab peripatric speciations yog nyob ntawm thaj chaw cais.
- Lawv yog hom kev tshwj xeeb.
- Ob leeg yog raws li kev xaiv ntuj.
- Kev nrawm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm hom tshiab yog qeeb hauv ob qho tib si allopatric thiab peripatric speciation.
Qhov txawv ntawm Allopatric thiab Peripatric Speciation yog dab tsi?
Allopatric speciation yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov pej xeem tsis raug tso cai sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg, thaum peripatric speciation yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov pej xeem raug tso cai sib koom ua ke. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allopatric thiab peripatric speciation. Ib pawg hauv allopatric speciation loj dua ib pawg hauv peripatric speciation. Allopatric speciation tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob lom neeg; yog li ntawd, nws yog nyob ntawm. Peripatric speciation, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua rau cov pej xeem ywj pheej ntawm cov niam txiv pej xeem.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm allopatric thiab peripatric speciation nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Allopatric vs Peripatric Speciation
Allopatric thiab peripatric yog ob hom kev tshwj xeeb loj. Allopatric speciation yog ib hom kev speciation uas tshwm sim thaum cov pej xeem nyob ib leeg nyob ib leeg. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob lom neeg. Peripatric speciation yog ib hom kev speciation thaum cov hom tshiab tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyob ib leeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allopatric thiab peripatric speciation yog interbreeding. Allopatric speciation yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov pej xeem tsis raug tso cai rau sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg, thaum peripatric speciation yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov pej xeem raug tso cai sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg.
