Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm theem pib thiab cov kev xav tsis yooj yim yog qhov kev cuam tshuam theem pib tseem ceeb muaj ib kauj ruam, qhov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj tseem ceeb muaj ntau kauj ruam.
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv. Tab sis muaj ob qhov kev faib ua theem pib raws li cov kev cuam tshuam theem pib thiab cov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib tsuas yog suav nrog ib kauj ruam me me xwb, thaum cov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj muaj cov kauj ruam thiab cov kev hloov pauv txawv nrog cov nruab nrab sib txawv.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Kev Ntsuas Qib Qeb?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas suav nrog ib kauj ruam me me. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ib hom tshuaj muaj kev hloov pauv ncaj qha los muab cov khoom kawg hauv ib kauj ruam. Ntawm no, ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev tau pom. Yog tias peb tsis tuaj yeem sim kuaj pom cov khoom nruab nrab thaum muaj tshuaj lom neeg, peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib.
Tseem Muaj Kev Ruaj Ntseg
Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib raws li hauv qab no:
Unimolecular Reactions
Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv unimolecular, ib qho reactant dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li decomposition kom muab cov khoom kawg. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo xws li cis-trans isomerization, racemization, lub nplhaib-qhib, radioactive decay, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Ib Hom Cis-trans Isomerization
Bimolecular Reactions
Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv bimolecular, ob qhov khoom raug sib tsoo kom muab cov khoom lag luam. Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thib ob vim tias tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob ntawm ob qho tib si reactants. Nucleophilic hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho piv txwv.
Trimolecular Reactions
Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv trimolecular, peb cov khoom raug sib tsoo tib lub sijhawm los muab cov khoom lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis tshua muaj vim nws nyuaj rau peb cov reactants sib tsoo tib lub sijhawm.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsis nyuaj?
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv nyuaj tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas suav nrog ntau cov kauj ruam. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov kev cuam tshuam no muaj cov kauj ruam ntxiv nrog rau cov kev hloov pauv sib txawv nrog cov nruab nrab sib txawv. Li no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog qhov nyuaj heev.
Tsis zoo li hauv cov kev cuam tshuam theem pib, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis pom zoo nrog cov stoichiometric coefficients ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem yog tus lej lossis feem.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide, qhov twg muaj ob theem sib txawv uas peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tag nrho.
Daim duab 02: Lub Decomposition ntawm Hydrogen Peroxide
Hom Kev Ua Tsis Txaus Siab
Muaj peb hom kev cuam tshuam loj:
Sib Nqus Teb
hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog cov kev txiav txim thawj zaug uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau.
Parallel Reactions
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Parallel suav nrog ntau cov kauj ruam hais txog tib yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov kev cuam tshuam stepwise tshwm sim rau ib leeg tib lub sijhawm.
Kev hloov pauv tau
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rov qab yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov reactants tsim cov khoom uas muaj kev sib txuam ua ke, tsim cov reactants rov qab, uas muaj tsawg kawg yog ob kauj ruam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib kom muab tib yam tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Qhov txawv ntawm Qib Qeb thiab Kev Ua Phem Tsis Zoo yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm theem pib thiab cov kev xav tsis yooj yim yog qhov kev tawm tsam theem pib tseem ceeb muaj ib kauj ruam, qhov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj tseem ceeb muaj ntau kauj ruam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv theem pib ncaj qha tsim cov khoom lag luam, qhov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj tsim ib lossis ntau qhov nruab nrab ua ntej muab cov khoom kawg.
Cov hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm theem pib thiab cov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Elementary vs Complex Reaction
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau ntau hom. Tab sis muaj ob qhov kev faib ua theem pib raws li cov kev cuam tshuam theem pib thiab cov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm theem pib thiab qhov tsis sib haum xeeb yog qhov kev tawm tsam theem pib tseem ceeb muaj ib kauj ruam, thaum cov kev cuam tshuam nyuaj tseem ceeb muaj ntau kauj ruam.
