Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm MDR thiab XDR-TB yog tias MDR-TB yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus thawj kab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum XDR-TB yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus ob qho tib si. thawj kab thiab thib ob kab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob TB.
Tuberculosis (TB) yog kab mob ntsws loj heev. Nws yog ib qho mob uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej los ntawm cov kab mob hu ua Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nws kis tau los ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus los ntawm cov tee me me tso rau hauv cov huab cua ntawm kev hnoos thiab txham. TB feem ntau yog kho nrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau rau rau mus rau kaum ob lub hlis. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kab mob TB tseem tseem yog tus kab mob tua neeg loj vim tias muaj cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob ntau ntxiv. MDR thiab XDR-TB yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tuberculosis vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
MDR-TB yog dab tsi?
MDR-TB (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis) yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus thawj kab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Feem ntau, TB raug kho nrog plaub tus qauv thawj kab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, thiab ethambutol. MDR-TB yog ib hom kab mob tuberculosis (TB) uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas tiv taus kev kho mob nrog tsawg kawg ob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj zog tshaj plaws, xws li isoniazid thiab rifampin. Qee hom kab mob TB tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev hloov caj ces. Yog li ntawd, qee cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj xws li cov phab ntsa ntawm tes uas muaj cov lipid molecules uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj, tshuaj hloov kho thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog enzymes, cov tshuaj efflux systems, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej.
Figure 01: MDR-TB
Tam sim no, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob TB feem ntau yog vim muaj ib hom kab mob TB uas yog cov kab mob hauv Beijing. MDR-TB nrawm dua yog tias siv cov kev kho mob tsis raug, uas ua rau muaj kev txhim kho thiab sib kis ntawm ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv TB. Kev kho mob ntawm MDR-TB suav nrog kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thib ob uas tsis zoo, muaj tshuaj lom ntau, thiab kim dua li cov tshuaj thawj kab.
XDR-TB yog dab tsi?
XDR-TB (xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv tuberculosis ntau heev) yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thib ib thiab thib ob. XDR-TB hom kab mob tau tshwm sim vim kev tswj tsis raug ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob TB (MDR-TB). XDR-TB tuaj yeem txhim kho thaum cov tshuaj thib ob uas siv los kho MDR-TB kuj siv tsis raug lossis tswj tsis raug thiab ua tsis tau zoo. Qee hom kab mob TB uas ua rau XDR-TB muaj nyob rau Euro-Asmeskas, Central Asian, thiab Beijing kab.
Figure 02: XDR-TB
Qee lub tswv yim uas siv los ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntau ntxiv suav nrog cov phab ntsa ntawm tes uas muaj cov lipid molecules nyuaj uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj, tshuaj hloov kho thiab tsis ua haujlwm enzymes, qeeb metabolism hauv, thiab cov tshuaj efflux systems. Ib txoj kev kho mob rau kev kho XDR-TB suav nrog kev siv ua ke ntawm pretomanid, bedaquiline, thiab linezolid. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BCG tseem muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv XDR-TB.
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm MDR thiab XDR-TB yog dab tsi?
- MDR thiab XDR-TB yog ob hom kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob vim muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- kab mob TB ua rau MDR thiab XDR-TB tiv taus cov tshuaj thawj kab xws li isoniazid, rifampin.
- Ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tuberculosis tshwm sim vim siv thiab tswj tsis raug ntawm cov tshuaj TB uas ua tsis tau zoo.
- Ob hom kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau muaj kev tuag sai heev vim TB thoob ntiaj teb uas ua rau muaj lub nra hnyav thoob ntiaj teb.
Qhov txawv ntawm MDR thiab XDR-TB yog dab tsi?
MDR-TB yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thawj zaug, thaum XDR-TB yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus rau thawj kab thiab thib ob kab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm MDR thiab XDR-TB. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov mob MDR-TB feem ntau yog los ntawm ib hom kab mob TB uas yog nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm Beijing. Ntawm qhov tod tes, XDR-TB mob feem ntau yog vim qee hom kab mob TB uas muaj nyob hauv Euro-Asmeskas, Central-Asian, thiab Beijing kab.
Cov duab hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm MDR thiab XDR-TB hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – MDR vs XDR-TB
MDR thiab XDR-TB yog ob hom kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob vim muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. MDR-TB yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus thawj kab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob TB, thaum XDR-TB yog vim cov kab mob tuberculosis uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thib ib thiab thib ob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm MDR thiab XDR-TB.
