Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm globoside thiab ganglioside yog tias globosides nruab nrab ntawm cov suab thaj, thaum gangliosides muaj cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm acidic pH vim muaj sialic acids.
Glycosphingolipids yog ib chav kawm ntawm glycolipids thiab muaj cov pob txha ceramide uas txuas los ntawm β-glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus rau cov glycans nyuaj. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv eukaryotes thiab tseem ceeb heev rau cov kab mob ntau-cellular. Glycosphingolipids pab hloov pauv cov txheej txheem membrane-protein muaj nuj nqi, tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev sib txawv thiab tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm neoplastic los ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes-rau-cell. Lawv kuj koom nrog hauv kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov receptors thiab cov cim qhia thiab pab txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev. Globoside thiab ganglioside yog ob txoj hauv kev tab sis tseem ceeb glycosphingolipids tam sim no hauv eukaryotes.
Globoside yog dab tsi?
Globoside yog ib hom glycosphingolipid uas muaj ntau dua ib cov suab thaj raws li cov saw ntawm cov pob txha ceramide. Cov kab mob no txuas mus rau cov pab pawg neeg nruab nrab oligosaccharide, thiab lub npe globoside lipid chav kawm qhia txog cov piam thaj hauv pawg no. Cov pob txha ceramide muaj cov saw hlau hydrocarbon nrog lub npe ntev-chain puag thiab muaj ib cov roj fatty acid uas txuas rau cov ceramide. Cov suab thaj yog ua ke ntawm N-acetylgalactosamine, D-glucose, lossis D-galactose. Lub sab saw muaj peev xwm tshem tawm los ntawm galactosidases thiab glucosidases. Globosides feem ntau muaj nyob hauv eukaryotes.
Daim duab 01: Globoside Structure
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov cell membrane qhov twg pawg qab zib ntsib qhov chaw extracellular. Qhov no tseem muab cov cell nrog txheej txheej ntawm carbohydrates. Globosides cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj hormones thiab receptors ntawm lub teeb liab hloov pauv mechanism. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav pab tswj cov cellular signaling pathways nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Cov globosides ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj yog Gb3 thiab Gb4. Gb3 commulations thiab deficiency ntawm α-galactosidase A ua rau Fabry tus kab mob. Nws yog ib qho kab mob metabolic uas tshwm sim. Gb3 tseem txuas nrog apoptosis thiab programmed cell tuag. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Gb4 yog kev txiav txim siab ntawm hom ntshav vim tias txhua pawg ntshav antigen stems los ntawm Gb4. Gb4 tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tom qab nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim cov kab mob vim nws paub tias yog tus receptor rau Parvovirus B19.
Ganglioside yog dab tsi?
Ganglioside yog ib qho molecule uas muaj glycosphingolipid nrog ib los yog ntau tshaj sialic acids txuas mus rau cov khoom qab zib. Ganglioside suav nrog ceramide lipid tail txuas rau glycosidic txuas mus rau glycan taub hau-pab pawg uas muaj ib lossis ntau dua sialic acid residues. Piv txwv ntawm sialic acids yog n-acetylneuraminic acid thiab NANA. Vim tias muaj sialic acids, gangliosides muaj cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm acidic pH. NeuNAc, uas yog acetylated derivative ntawm carbohydrate sialic acids, ua rau lub taub hau ntawm gangliosides.
Daim duab 02: Ganglioside Structure
Gangliosides muaj nyob rau ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes nrog ob txoj hlua hydrocarbon ntawm cov ceramide hauv plasma daim nyias nyias thiab oligosaccharides ntawm lub ntsej muag extracellular. Gangliosides feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb. Cov pab pawg oligosaccharide ntawm gangliosides ua raws li cov cim saum npoo uas ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev paub txog cellular thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes. Thaum ua hauj lwm raws li ib qho kev txiav txim siab, gangliosides ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nrog rau carcinogenesis. Cov pab pawg neeg carbohydrate ua raws li cov receptors tshwj xeeb rau qee qhov pituitary glycoprotein cov tshuaj hormones thiab qee cov kab mob protein co toxins. Cov gangliosides uas muaj nyob rau hauv tib neeg yog GM1, GM2, GM3, GD1a, GD1b, GD2, GD3, GT1b, GT3 thiab GQ1.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Globoside thiab Ganglioside?
- Globoside thiab ganglioside yog glycosphingolipids.
- Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si yog tsim los ntawm carbon, hydrogen, thiab oxygen.
- Ob leeg muaj cov pob txha ceramide thiab oligosaccharide fragments.
- Lawv muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha xaus thiab cov tshuaj hormones tshwj xeeb receptors qhov chaw ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes.
- Ob leeg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev paub txog molecular.
- Lawv muaj nyob hauv eukaryotes.
Qhov txawv ntawm Globoside thiab Ganglioside yog dab tsi?
Globosides yog nruab nrab ntawm cov suab thaj, thaum gangliosides muaj cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm acidic pH vim muaj sialic acids. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm globoside thiab ganglioside. Ntxiv mus, globosides muaj ob los yog ntau dua qab zib, feem ntau d-glucose, d-galactose, los yog N-acetyl-d-galactosamine, thaum gangliosides muaj ob los yog ntau tshaj sialic acids xws li N-acetylneuraminic acid thiab NANA. Li no, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm globoside thiab ganglioside. Globosides yog dav pom nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias. Gangliosides feem ntau tsim txog li 6% ntawm cov teeb meem grey hauv lub hlwb thiab muaj ntau hom.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm globoside thiab ganglioside hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Globoside vs Ganglioside
Globosides yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov muaj suab thaj. Hauv qhov sib piv, gangliosides muaj cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm acidic pH vim muaj sialic acids. Ib globoside yog ib hom glycosphingolipid uas muaj ntau tshaj ib lub suab thaj raws li cov saw ntawm cov pob txha ceramide. Cov suab thaj yog ua ke ntawm N-acetylgalactosamine, D-glucose, lossis D-galactose. Lub ganglioside yog ib qho molecule uas muaj glycosphingolipid nrog ib los yog ntau tshaj sialic acids txuas rau ntawm cov suab thaj. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm globoside thiab ganglioside.
