Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm micronucleus thiab comet assay yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas micronucleus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj xyuas chromosomal puas vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm mutagen raug, thaum lub comet assay yog qhov tseem ceeb txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj DNA hauv tib neeg lub hlwb.
Kev tshuaj ntsuam Genotoxicity pab ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab chromosomal abnormalities. Genotoxins suav nrog tshuaj lom neeg thiab hluav taws xob. Carcinogens, mutagens, thiab teratogens yog pawg tseem ceeb ntawm genotoxins. Lawv ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau yam xws li kev hloov pauv, kev tshem tawm, ib leeg thiab ob txoj hlua tawg, chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei formations, kho DNA, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tes. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no yuav ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob, thiab kev soj ntsuam genotoxicity tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov xwm txheej no. Micronucleus assay thiab comet assay yog ob txoj hauv kev hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam genotoxicity.
Micronucleus Assay yog dab tsi?
Micronucleus assay yog ib qho tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev puas tsuaj chromosomal vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm mutagen raug. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam tshuaj uas ua rau spindle tsim thiab micronuclei. Kev ntsuam xyuas micronucleus muab cov lus qhia txog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tshuaj thaum cuam tshuam nrog chromosome qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Ntau cov carcinogens kuaj pom qhov zoo hauv micronucleus kev soj ntsuam. Cov txheej txheem ntsuam xyuas suav nrog kev kho tshuaj thiab ntsuas qhov zaus ntawm micronucleated hlwb. Yog tias muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm cov micronuclei hlwb, nws xaus lus tias cov tshuaj induces chromosomal puas.
Kev ntsuam xyuas micronucleus feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev faib cov hlwb. Yog li ntawd, erythrocytes thiab cov pob txha pob txha qia hlwb tsim los ntawm kev faib cell yog cov neeg sib tw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev soj ntsuam. Lawv muaj kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua thiab nrawm. Txij li thaum erythrocytes tsis muaj qhov tseeb nuclei, nws ua rau cov hlwb micronucleated pom ntau dua thaum kawg ntawm qhov kev xeem.
Daim duab 01: Kev soj ntsuam ntawm Micronucleus Assay
Kev tshuaj xyuas Micronucleus yog kev lag luam, nrawm dua, yooj yim, thiab xav tau kev txawj tsawg dua los ua. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam chromosomal aberrations sai sai nyob rau hauv ib tug txhim khu kev qha thiab yog heev pab tau los soj ntsuam chromosomal puas sai sai. Ib hom tshwj xeeb thiab ntau yam ntawm micronucleus assay yog cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome (CBMNcyt) assay. Nws yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo tshaj plaws los ntsuas chromosomal puas thiab instability hauv hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv micronucleus assay yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntau hom chromosomal aberrations, thiab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau mitotic tus nqi thiab feem ntawm cov cell tuag, ua rau cov txiaj ntsig hloov.
Comet Assay yog dab tsi?
Comet assay, uas tseem hu ua ib qho gel electrophoresis assay, yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab rhiab heev los kuaj xyuas DNA puas. Nws ntsuas cov DNA tawg hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic thiab yog cov txheej txheem txheem rau biomonitoring thiab kuaj genotoxicity.
Kev ntsuam xyuas lub hnub qub yog koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlwb hauv qhov qis melting point agarose suspensions, lysis ntawm cov hlwb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab los yog alkaline tej yam kev mob, thiab electrophoresis ntawm suspended lysed hlwb. Thaum lub sij hawm encapsulation txheej txheem, cov hlwb raug tshem tawm nyob rau hauv molten low melting point agarose, thiab cov agarose tsim ib tug matrix ntawm carbohydrate fibers rau thauj lawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Agarose yog osmotically nruab nrab; Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau cov kev daws teeb meem nkag mus rau hauv cov gel thiab cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab hloov lawv. Cov tshuaj lysis yog cov kua ntsev ntau heev thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav tes. Cov ntsev no cuam tshuam cov proteins thiab cov qauv kev sib txuas hauv lub cell thaum cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus RNA ntawm tes. Cov hlwb ua kom puas, thiab tag nrho cov proteins, RNA, cytoplasmic thiab nucleoplasmic constituents, cuam tshuam thiab diffuse mus rau hauv agarose matrix, tawm hauv DNA.
Daim duab 02: Comet Assay
Cov tshuaj electrophoresis yog cov tshuaj alkaline uas DNA ob chav helix denatures, thiab cov nucleoid ua ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, ib qho hluav taws xob teb yog siv los soj ntsuam cov duab. Cov duab tsom xam ntsuas qhov kev siv tag nrho ntawm cov fluorescence rau DNA thiab nucleoid thiab sib piv ob. Tag nrho cov qauv zoo ib yam li lub comet nrog lub taub hau ncig sib haum rau cov DNA uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab tus Tsov tus tw rau cov DNA puas. Qhov ci ntsa iab thiab ntev dua tus Tsov tus tw vim muaj cov cim muaj zog, qhov siab dua qhov kev puas tsuaj.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Micronucleus thiab Comet Assay?
- Micronucleus thiab comet assay yog kev lag luam, sai dua, yooj yim, thiab xav tau kev txawj tsawg dua.
- Lawv feem ntau ua ntawm DNA.
- Ob qhov kev ntsuam xyuas pab ntsuas kev hloov pauv thiab chromosomal abnormalities.
- Ntxiv mus, ob txoj kev siv tshuaj los ua cov txheej txheem.
Qhov txawv ntawm Micronucleus thiab Comet Assay yog dab tsi?
Kev ntsuam xyuas micronucleus yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj xyuas chromosomal kev puas tsuaj vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm mutagen raug, thaum kev ntsuam xyuas lub hnub qub yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj pom thawj DNA puas tsuaj hauv tib neeg lub hlwb. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm micronucleus thiab comet assay. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas micronucleus tau tsim tau zoo los kuaj xyuas clastogenicity thiab aneugenicity. Kev ntsuam xyuas lub hnub qub yog siv los ua kev kuaj genotoxicity los kuaj pom thawj DNA puas hauv hlwb. Ntxiv mus, ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas micronucleus muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tshuaj, thaum lub comet assay yog ib qho cell gel electrophoresis.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm micronucleus thiab comet assay nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Micronucleus vs Comet Assay
Kev tshuaj ntsuam Genotoxicity pab ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab chromosomal abnormalities. Micronucleus assay thiab comet assay yog ob txoj hauv kev hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam genotoxicity. Micronucleus assay ntsuam xyuas chromosomal puas vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm mutagen raug. Comet assay yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab rhiab heev los kuaj xyuas DNA puas. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm micronucleus thiab comet assay. Micronucleus assay yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov tshuaj uas ua rau spindle tsim thiab micronuclei. Comet assay yog koom nrog hauv encapsulation ntawm cov hlwb nyob rau hauv qis melting point agarose suspensions, lysis ntawm cov hlwb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab los yog alkaline tej yam kev mob, thiab electrophoresis ntawm suspended lysed hlwb.
