Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia yog hyperkalemia yog ib qho kab mob electrolyte uas cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav siab dua li qub, thaum hypokalemia yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm electrolyte uas cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav qis dua. qhov normal.-
Ib qho teeb meem ntawm electrolyte tshwm sim thaum theem ntawm electrolytes hauv tib neeg lub cev yog siab lossis qis dua li qib ib txwm muaj. Electrolytes yuav tsum tau khaws cia nyob rau theem ib txwm ua rau lub cev ua haujlwm kom zoo thiab noj qab haus huv. Qhov tsis txaus ntawm electrolytes tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau yam hauv lub cev tseem ceeb. Cov kab mob electrolytes yog vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov electrolytes xws li calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphate, potassium, thiab sodium. Hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia yog ob yam kab mob electrolyte vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv tib neeg lub cev.
YHyperkalemia yog dab tsi?
Hyperkalemia yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm electrolyte uas cuam tshuam nrog cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav siab dua li qub. Potassium yog ib yam tshuaj uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov paj hlwb thiab cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb, nrog rau lub plawv. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 3.6 txog 5.2 millimoles ib liter (mmol / L). Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj cov ntshav poov tshuaj ntau dua 6 mmol / L, tus mob no feem ntau txhais tau tias yog lub xeev hyperkalemia. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij thiab ib txwm xav tau kev tswj xyuas tus neeg mob tam sim.
Daim duab 01: Hyperkalemia
Qhov feem ntau ua rau muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau yog cuam tshuam nrog raum mob xws li mob raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab mob raum mob. Lwm yam ua rau muaj xws li Addison tus kab mob, angiotensin II receptor blockers, angiotensin-hloov enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers, lub cev qhuav dej, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab vim raug mob hnyav, kev siv cov tshuaj potassium ntau dhau, thiab hom ntshav qab zib hom I. Ntxiv mus, cov tsos mob ntawm hyperkalemia muaj xws li plawv plawv, ua tsis taus pa, mob hauv siab, xeev siab, lossis ntuav.
Tus mob no tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav, kuaj zis, thiab electrocardiograms (ECG lossis EKG). Cov kev xaiv kho mob suav nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj poov tshuaj, txwv tsis pub cov tshuaj uas ua rau hyperkalemia, noj tshuaj kom txo cov poov tshuaj (diuretics xws li tshuaj dej), kev lim ntshav, noj cov tshuaj potassium (patiromer, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, thiab sodium zirconium cyclosilicate).
Hypokalemia yog dab tsi?
Hypokalemia yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm electrolyte uas cuam tshuam nrog cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav qis dua li qub. Ntshav qab zib poov tshuaj tsawg heev hauv qab 2.5 mmol / L txhais tau tias yog lub xeev hypokalemia. Cov laj thawj tuaj yeem suav nrog kev siv tshuaj dej lossis tshuaj diuretics ua tshuaj, ntuav, raws plab, tsis tau txais cov poov tshuaj txaus los ntawm kev noj haus, haus cawv, mob raum, mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis, siv laxative ntau dhau, tawm hws ntau dhau, folic acid tsis txaus, thawj aldosteronism, thiab qee qhov siv tshuaj tua kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Hypokalemia
Cov tsos mob ntawm hypokalemia tuaj yeem suav nrog cov leeg pob tw, cov leeg pob txha lossis tsis muaj zog, cov leeg tsis txav, teeb meem raum, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, cov leeg nqaij tawg, ileus (tub nkeeg plab), thiab lub plawv dhia tsis zoo. Tus mob no tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav, kuaj zis, kev kuaj pom (MRI, CT scan, lossis ultrasound), thiab electrocardiogram (EKG). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho mob rau hypokalemia suav nrog kev noj cov tshuaj potassium thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj potassium, txhaj tshuaj potassium intravenously, noj cov zaub mov uas muaj poov tshuaj, thiab txwv tsis pub siv cov tshuaj diuretics.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Hyperkalemia thiab Hypokalemia?
- Hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia yog ob yam kab mob electrolyte.
- Lawv yog vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv tib neeg lub cev.
- Ob qho kev kho mob yuav yog vim muaj teeb meem raum.
- Lawv tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm txoj kev zoo sib xws xws li kuaj ntshav, kuaj zis, lossis electrocardiograms.
- Ob qho kev kho mob tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom noj.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hyperkalemia thiab Hypokalemia yog dab tsi?
Hyperkalemia piav qhia txog qib poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav siab dua li qhov qub, thaum hypokalemia piav qhia txog qib poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav qis dua li qub. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia. Tsis tas li ntawd, hyperkalemia tshwm sim thaum cov ntshav cov poov tshuaj mus dhau 6 mmol / L, thaum hypokalemia tshwm sim thaum cov ntshav potassium qis dua 2.5 mmol / L.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Hyperkalemia vs Hypokalemia
Electrolyte teeb meem tshwm sim vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm electrolytes hauv tib neeg lub cev. Hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia yog ob yam kab mob electrolyte. Hyperkalemia yog hais txog cov qib poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav siab dua li qub. Hypokalemia yog hais txog cov qib poov tshuaj tsawg hauv cov ntshav ntau dua li qub. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hyperkalemia thiab hypokalemia.
