Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Pa Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays

Cov txheej txheem:

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Pa Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Pa Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Pa Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Pa Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays
Video: YUAV NTSEEG VAJTSWV LI CAS: NTSEEG PHAU VAJLUSKUB - KX. TXAWJ TEEV VAJ 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa nested thiab real-time PCR kev soj ntsuam yog tias cov qauv PCR yog cov txheej txheem tsim los nthuav qhia cov kab ke tshwj xeeb ntawm DNA thiab nested PCR yog kev hloov kho ntawm PCR cov qauv uas muaj ob qhov kev sib txuas ua ke, thaum muaj tiag. -lub sij hawm PCR yog ib qho txawv ntawm cov pa PCR uas muaj peev xwm los ntsuas cov khoom lag luam.

PCR yog cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb dav dav siv hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab tshuaj txhawm rau kuaj DNA. PCR kuaj yog siv los kuaj cov antigens los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas lawv cov DNA lossis RNA. Feem ntau, tus kab mob RNA muaj nyob hauv lub cev ua ntej kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob. Kev kuaj PCR tuaj yeem qhia seb puas muaj ib tus neeg muaj tus kabmob no thaum ntxov. Tam sim no, PCR yog tus qauv ntsuas los kuaj pom tus kab mob COVID-19. Muaj ntau hom PCR cov txheej txheem xws li lub sijhawm tiag tiag PCR, nested PCR, multiplex PCR, kub pib PCR thiab ntev PCR, thiab lwm yam.

Cov Kev Ntsuas PCR Cov Lus Qhia yog dab tsi?

Kev kuaj PCR yog ib qho hauv vitro DNA amplification txheej txheem niaj hnub ua hauv molecular biological laboratory. Txoj kev no tau ua rau kev tsim tawm ntau txhiab rau ntau lab luam ntawm ib qho DNA feem. Kary Mullis tau qhia txog cov txheej txheem no hauv xyoo 1980. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom DNA uas hu ua tus qauv kom ua tau ntau daim ntawv luam ntawm nws. Taq polymerase ua haujlwm raws li DNA polymerase enzyme thiab catalyzes cov synthesis ntawm cov xov tshiab ntawm cov qauv sib lawv liag.

Primers hauv PCR sib tov yuav ua haujlwm raws li cov ntsiab lus pib rau cov ntu txuas ntxiv. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw uas tsim nyog los ua cov ntawv luam ntawm DNA tau suav nrog hauv PCR sib xyaw. PCR cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog khiav hauv lub tshuab PCR, thiab nws yuav tsum tau noj nrog cov PCR sib xyaw kom raug thiab cov kev pab cuam PCR raug. Yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw thiab cov kev pab cuam raug raug, nws yuav tsim cov ntawv luam ntawm ib ntu ntawm DNA los ntawm ib qho me me ntawm DNA.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Cov Ntawv Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Cov Ntawv Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays

Daim duab 01: Kev Ntsuas PCR Cov Lus Qhia

Muaj peb kauj ruam tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv PCR cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: denaturation, primer annealing, thiab strand extension. Peb cov kauj ruam no tshwm sim ntawm peb qhov kub sib txawv. PCR tsis tswj cov kev pom zoo rau Taq polymerase kev ua. Peb theem ntawm PCR cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau rov ua dua los tsim cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm PCR. Ntawm txhua qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv PCR, tus lej ntawm DNA luam ob npaug. Yog li ntawd, kev nthuav qhia exponential tuaj yeem pom hauv PCR. Cov khoom PCR tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev siv gel electrophoresis vim nws tsim cov DNA pom ntawm cov gel, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua kom huv si rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv xws li kev sib txuas.

PCR yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb kho mob thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb forensic, PCR muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim nws tuaj yeem nthuav dav DNA rau kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov qauv me me ntawm cov neeg ua txhaum cai thiab ua rau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj DNA. PCR yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm molecular biology suav nrog, genotyping, noob cloning, kev hloov pauv, DNA sequencing, DNA microarrays, thiab kev ntsuam xyuas txiv neej.

Nested PCR Assays yog dab tsi?

Nested PCR yog ib hom PCR uas txo qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm DNA. Muaj ob qhov kev ua tiav PCRs lossis ob qhov kev sib txuas ua ntu zus hauv kev soj ntsuam PCR nested. Thaum lub sij hawm thawj amplification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ib tug PCR khoom yog tsim. Tom qab thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov thib ob amplification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ua rau ntawm PCR cov khoom ntawm thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, primers nyob rau hauv lub thib ob cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov khi nrog thawj PCR khoom thiab amplify nws.

Pa vs Nested vs Real-time PCR Assays hauv Daim Ntawv Qhia
Pa vs Nested vs Real-time PCR Assays hauv Daim Ntawv Qhia

Daim duab 02: Nested PCR

Primer khub sib txawv hauv txhua qhov kev tshwm sim. Qhov tsis tshwj xeeb khi ntawm primers yog txo nyob rau hauv nested PCR. Nested PCR kev soj ntsuam muaj txiaj ntsig los ua kom muaj qhov rhiab heev thiab / lossis qhov tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nested PCR xav tau kev paub txog qhov txaus siab ua ntu zus.

Kev soj ntsuam PCR tiag tiag yog dab tsi?

Real-time PCR lossis quantitative PCR (Q PCR) yog qhov hloov kho ntawm PCR uas ntsuas cov khoom PCR ntau npaum li cas. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no suav cov amplification nyob rau hauv real-time siv lub real-time PCR tshuab. Nws kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim nyog rau kev txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm lub hom phiaj ib ntus lossis cov noob tam sim no hauv cov qauv.

Qhov nthuav tshwj xeeb ntawm PCR lub sijhawm tiag tiag yog tias nws muab ob qho tib si amplification thiab muaj tseeb kom muaj nuj nqis rau hauv ib kauj ruam. Yog li, qhov xav tau ntawm gel electrophoresis rau kev kuaj pom tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem PCR tiag tiag. Kev siv cov fluorescent dyes los sau cov khoom PCR thaum lub sij hawm PCR cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav ua rau kom muaj nuj nqis ncaj qha. Thaum cov khoom PCR tau sau tseg, cov teeb liab fluorescent kuj tau sau tseg, thiab lawv yuav raug ntsuas los ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm lub tshuab. SYBR Green thiab Taqman yog ob txoj hauv kev los ntes lossis saib cov txheej txheem nthuav dav ntawm PCR lub sijhawm. Ob txoj hauv kev saib xyuas qhov kev nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem amplification thiab tshaj tawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom hauv lub sijhawm.

Pauv Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays - Sib piv ntawm Sab
Pauv Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays - Sib piv ntawm Sab

Daim duab 03: Real-Time PCR

PCR lub sijhawm tiag tiag muaj ntau yam kev siv xws li kev qhia cov noob qoob loo, microRNA thiab tsis-coding RNA tsom xam, SNP genotyping, nrhiav pom cov lej sib txawv, tshawb pom qhov tsis tshua muaj kev hloov pauv, tshawb nrhiav cov kab mob hloov pauv, thiab nrhiav pom tus kab mob.

Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Cov Nested Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays?

  • Nested and real-time PCR assay is modifications of pa PCR assay.
  • Txhua peb txoj kev nthuav dav DNA kuaj.
  • Lawv cov khoom tuaj yeem siv los ua ntu lossis tshuaj xyuas.
  • Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no xav tau cov primers.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Cov Pa Nested thiab Real-time PCR Assays?

Paub PCR yog cov txheej txheem tsim los nthuav qhia cov kab ke ntawm DNA. Lub caij no, Nested PCR yog ib qho kev hloov kho ntawm cov qauv PCR uas muaj ob qhov kev sib txuas ua ke, thiab lub sijhawm PCR yog qhov txawv ntawm cov qauv PCR uas tuaj yeem suav cov khoom lag luam. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa nested thiab real-time PCR kev soj ntsuam. Tsis zoo li cov qauv PCR thiab lub sijhawm tiag tiag, nested PCR siv ob txheej txheej txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ob qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv PCR nested txhawm rau txo qis qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb amplification. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas PCR cov lus pom zoo thiab lub sijhawm tiag tiag tsis muaj ob qhov kev sib txuas ua ke.

Cov infographic hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov kev ntsuas PCR tiag tiag hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.

Summary – Pas vs Nested vs Real-time PCR Assays

Paub PCR yog thawj cov txheej txheem tsim los ua kom nthuav dav qee yam ntawm DNA. Nested PCR thiab PCR ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag yog ob qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv PCR. Muaj ob qhov kev sib txuas ua ntu zus thiab siv ob lub primer teeb hauv nested PCR. Lub sijhawm PCR tiag tiag yog tsim los ntsuas cov khoom lag luam PCR amplified. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa nested thiab real-time PCR kev soj ntsuam.

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