Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov enzymes dawb thiab immobilized yog tias cov enzymes dawb yog cov enzymes uas tsis muaj kev khi rau ib qho substrate, whereas immobilized enzymes tsis tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov.
Rau qee qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev xws li kev zom zaub mov, ua pa, thiab tso tawm, peb xav tau cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem nrawm. Cov tshuaj no hu ua enzymes. Cov enzymes no muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txhua yam muaj sia, thiab yog li tswj hwm tag nrho cov txheej txheem lom neeg.
Enzymes yog cov proteins. Lawv muaj peev xwm catalytic. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv cov hlwb yog ua los ntawm cov enzymes. Qee lub sij hawm muaj cov txheej txheem enzymes peb xav tau rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Hauv cov txheej txheem catalytic, cov tshuaj uas cov enzyme ua haujlwm yog hu ua substrate. Ib qho enzyme tuaj yeem hloov lub substrate rau hauv ib lossis ntau lwm yam khoom muaj npe ua khoom.
Dab tsi yog cov Enzymes dawb?
Dawb enzymes yog cov enzymes uas tsis muaj kev khi rau ib qho substrate molecule. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic uas cuam tshuam nrog ib qho enzyme nce los ntawm kev khi ntawm cov enzyme nrog lub substrate. Muaj ib qho chaw ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho enzyme uas tso cai rau lub substrate khi nrog nws. Yog li ntawd, catalysis feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm cov amino acid sab chains uas tau teem rau hauv qhov chaw nquag. Lub complex ntawm enzyme-substrate yog lub npe hu ua cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalysis.
Daim duab 1: Daim duab ntawm Glycosidase Enzyme
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, lub substrate yuav tsum muaj cov duab zoo sib xws rau qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme; txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis khi. Yog li ntawd, lub substrate muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau lawv kom haum rau hauv ib qho enzyme. Thaum lub enzyme muab lub substrate nrog ib tug nto los khi, lub activation zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txo. Tom qab kev khi ntawm lub substrate, nws tsim cov khoom nruab nrab, thiab cov kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim khoom nruab nrab no yog hu ua lub xeev hloov pauv. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, daim ntawv cog lus tawg thiab daim ntawv cog lus tshwm sim qhov twg cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov substrate hloov thaum cov qauv ntawm cov enzyme tseem nyob tas li. Tom qab cov khoom tsim, cov khoom no muaj cov duab uas tsis haum rau qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme thiab yog li ntawd, cov khoom raug tso tawm los ntawm enzyme. Tom qab ntawd, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov enzyme dawb uas tuaj yeem khi nrog lwm cov substrates dua los muab cov khoom zoo sib xws. Ib yam li ntawd, lub voj voog catalytic txuas ntxiv mus.
Immobilized Enzymes yog dab tsi?
Immobilized enzymes yog cov enzymes uas txuas rau cov khoom siv tsis zoo. Cov enzymes no tsis tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov. Feem ntau, cov khoom uas lub enzyme yog khi yog inert thiab insoluble, e.g. calcium alginate ua los ntawm kev sib tov ntawm sodium alginate tov thiab enzyme tov nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm calcium chloride. Immobilization ntawm ib qho enzyme tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv pH hloov thiab hloov kub. Nws kuj cia cov enzyme txuas mus rau ib qho chaw mus txog thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem yooj yim cais cov enzyme los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua.
Muaj ntau yam kev lag luam siv immobilized enzymes vim yooj yim (me me ntawm cov enzyme txaus los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv), kev lag luam (yooj yim rau rov ua dua biocatalyst), thiab ruaj khov (feem ntau, hom enzyme no muaj lub thermal thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua li cov enzyme dawb).
Daim duab 02: Alginate Gel rau Kev Tsis Txaus Siab ntawm Enzymes
Peb tuaj yeem siv ntau txoj hauv kev los immobilize ib qho enzyme uas suav nrog affinity-tag binding, adsorption mus rau iav, alginate hlaws los yog matrix, entrapment, cross-linkage method, covalent bonding, etc.
Qhov txawv ntawm Dawb thiab Immobilized Enzymes yog dab tsi?
Dawb thiab immobilized enzymes yog ob theem sib txawv ntawm cov enzymes. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov enzymes dawb thiab immobilized yog tias cov enzymes dawb yog cov enzymes uas tsis tau khi rau ib qho substrate, whereas immobilized enzymes tsis tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov.
Cov kab lus hauv qab no qhia ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov enzymes dawb thiab tsis muaj zog.
Summary – Free vs Immobilized Enzymes
Enzymes yog cov proteins. Muaj ntau yam sib txawv enzymes uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov txheej txheem lom neeg. Ib qho enzyme khi nrog lub substrate los muab cov khoom. Thaum tsis muaj substrate khi, enzyme yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev "dawb". Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem immobilize ib qho enzyme rau kev lag luam. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov enzymes dawb thiab immobilized yog tias cov enzymes dawb yog cov enzymes uas tsis tau khi rau ib qho substrate, whereas immobilized enzymes tsis tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov.
