Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm radioimmunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay yog tias hauv xov tooj cua immunoassay, cov qauv lossis cov khoom sib xyaw uas yuav tsum tau ntsuas tau ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radioactive ua ntej kev sib xyaw ua ke, thaum nyob rau hauv immunoradiometric assay, cov qauv lossis cov khoom sib xyaw tam sim ua ke nrog cov radiolabeled. tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Immunoassay yog ib qho kev sim tshuaj biochemical uas kuaj pom qhov muaj lossis concentration ntawm macromolecules hauv cov tshuaj uas siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis antigen. Fluorescent thiab radioactive antibodies yog siv los ntsuas antigens hauv ib qho qauv. Thaum pib, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem nag lossis daus xws li immunoprecipitation, immunodiffusion thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob-electrophoresis rau kev tsom xam cov ntshav protein. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem rhiab heev xws li xov tooj cua immunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay yog siv rau kev ntsuas tshuaj, qog cov cim, thiab cov tshuaj hormones.
Dab tsi yog Radioimmunoassay Assay?
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antigen. RIA feem ntau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radioactive los kuaj xyuas tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv ib qho qauv. RIA yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv vitro. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus qab RIA yog kev sib tw sib tw. Ntawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radioactive sib tw tawm tsam ib qho tsis muaj hluav taws xob antigen rau ib qho chaw tas li ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis cov chaw receptor binding. RIA xav tau kev tso cai tshwj xeeb thiab ceev faj txij li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau siv, thiab nws tseem yog cov txheej txheem kim tshaj plaws.
Daim duab 01: Immunoassay
Thaum RIA, paub ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau ua cov xov tooj cua nquag los ntawm kev sau npe nrog gamma-radioactive isotopes ntawm iodine txuas nrog tyrosine. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau ua ke nrog tus nqi paub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntawm no, ob qho tib si antigen thiab antibody tshwj xeeb khi rau ib leeg. Tom qab ntawd, cov qauv ntshav-cov ntshav tau ntxiv los pib qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigens thiab tsis muaj npe antigens hauv cov ntshav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tso tawm qee yam ntawm cov cim npe antigen. Qhov ntau npaum no yog proportional rau qhov piv ntawm cov ntawv sau rau unlabeled antigen. Thaum kawg, txoj hlua khi yog tsim los ua kom tau tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav.
Immunoradiometric Assay yog dab tsi?
Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radiolabeled. Hauv IRMA, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau sau npe siv xov tooj cua isotopes. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no khi rau cov antigens tam sim no hauv ib qho piv txwv. Hauv cov qauv zoo, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau sau cov ntawv xov tooj cua khi rau cov dawb epitopes ntawm antigens. Qhov no tsim ib qho antigen-antibody complex.
Thaum lub sijhawm thib ob cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau sau tseg uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam raug tshem tawm siv cov khoom theem antigen. Cov seem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radioactive hauv cov tshuaj yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm ncaj qha ntawm antigen concentration. IRMA yog lub npe hu ua ib qho kev soj ntsuam reagent ntau tshaj qhov uas ntau tshaj ntawm radiolabeled antibody yog siv los ua cov reagent. Ntawm no, qhov ntau tshaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog antigen raug tso cai los ua. Raws li cov kauj ruam kawg, cov antigen-bound thiab dawb antibodies raug cais, thiab cov antigen bound feem yog raug rau cov tshuaj radioactive. Ntawm no, qhov kev ua ntawm cov feem yog ncaj qha proportional rau lub concentration ntawm cov antigen.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Radioimmunoassay thiab Immunoradiometric Assay?
- Ob qho tib si radioimmunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay yog immunoassays uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antigen-antibody complexes.
- Lawv tsim ib qho antigen-antibody complex.
Qhov txawv ntawm Radioimmunoassay thiab Immunoradiometric Assay yog dab tsi?
Radioimmunoassay yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas txiav txim siab qib tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas sau nrog lub xov tooj cua thaum lub sij hawm immunoradiometric assay yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam reagent uas siv ntau tshaj ntawm radiolabeled antibody. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm radioimmunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay. IRMA muaj peev xwm muab kev nkag siab zoo dua li RIA. Hauv RIA, antigens tau sau nrog gamma-radioactive isotopes ntawm iodine thaum nyob hauv IRMA cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tau sau npe siv isotopes ntawm iodine. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm radioimmunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay. Txij li IRMA yog cov txheej txheem reagent ntau dhau, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm luv dua RIA.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm radioimmunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay.
Summary – Radioimmunoassay vs Immunoradiometric Assay
Radioimmunoassay yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov txheej txheem tsim los txiav txim siab qib tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. RIA feem ntau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radioactive. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radioactive sib tw tawm tsam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj hluav taws xob rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tu ncua lossis qhov chaw receptor binding. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas immunoradiometric yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los txiav txim siab qib antigen ntawm cov qauv siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob radiolabeled. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no khi rau cov antigens uas muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv. Thaum kawg ntawm txhua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, ib qho antigen-antibody complex yog tsim. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, ib qho kev sib khi nkhaus yog kos. Hauv radioimmunoassay, daim ntawv lo antigen kom muaj nuj nqis yog proportional rau qhov piv ntawm daim ntawv lo rau unlabeled antigen, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug immunoradiometric assay, cov kev ua ntawm cov antigen bound feem yog ncaj qha proportional rau cov concentration ntawm cov antigen. Qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm radioimmunoassay thiab immunoradiometric assay.
