Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm chav hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv yog qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrocarbons nrog dej, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm methane nrog oxygen thiab carbon dioxide los yog chav los tsim syngas.
Reformers yog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo hauv kev sib xyaw tshuaj ntawm cov pa ntshiab hydrogen los ntawm methane nyob rau hauv muaj cov catalyst. Cov cuab yeej no siv ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: chav hloov pauv, hloov kho qhov kub thiab txias lossis ib nrab oxidation. Muaj ntau ntau yam kev hloov kho tshiab hauv kev lag luam, thiab autothermal hloov kho thiab chav methane hloov pauv yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws.
Steam Reforming yog dab tsi?
Chav hloov pauv yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov syngas los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrocarbons nrog dej. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, feem ntau feedstock yog natural gas. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no yog kev tsim cov roj ntshiab hydrogen. Syngas yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab hydrogen. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim hauv tus neeg hloov kho no yog raws li hauv qab no:
CH4 + H2O ⇌ CO + 3H2
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no yog qhov ua rau kub siab heev; nws siv zog los ntawm ib puag ncig. Cov pa roj carbon dioxide uas tsim los ntawm kev hloov kho no yog hu ua "grey hydrogen" thaum tag nrho cov pa roj carbon dioxide tawm mus rau hauv qhov chaw. Cov khoom muaj npe hu ua "blue hydrogen" thaum feem ntau ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide raug ntes thiab khaws cia hauv geologically.
Daim duab 01: Hydrogen Production ntawm Chav Reforming Method
Feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov roj hydrogen yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nkev roj. Hydrogen gas tsim nyob rau hauv qhov no yog pab tau nyob rau hauv kev lag luam synthesis ntawm ammonia thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim hauv lub nkoj hloov kho uas muaj qhov sib xyaw ua kom siab ntawm chav. Ntawm no, methane tau muab tso rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog chav nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm nickel catalyst. Thaum xaiv cov catalyst kom raug, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov catalyst uas muaj qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw rau qhov ntim piv vim tias muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov duab catalyst feem ntau peb tuaj yeem siv tau suav nrog cov lus hais, lub log iav, thiab cov nplhaib muaj qhov. Ntxiv mus, cov duab no muaj qhov poob qis uas tseem ceeb rau daim ntawv thov no.
Autothermal Reforming yog dab tsi?
Autothermal hloov kho yog txheej txheem uas cov pa oxygen thiab carbon dioxide los yog chav ua haujlwm nrog methane, tsim cov syngas. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim hauv ib chav uas methane tau oxidized ib nrab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov cuab yeej no yog exothermic vim oxidation tshwm sim ntawm no. Peb tuaj yeem pom lub sijhawm autothermal hloov kho raws li ATR. Feem ntau, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw muaj cov pa roj carbon dioxide, peb tuaj yeem qhia cov khoom sib piv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide: carbon monoxide li 1: 1. Tab sis yog tias peb siv cov pa es tsis txhob carbon dioxide, ces cov khoom sib tov yuav nyob rau hauv qhov ratio ntawm hydrogen gas: carbon monoxide raws li 2.5: 1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim hauv tus neeg hloov kho yog raws li hauv qab no:
Siv cov pa roj carbon dioxide:
2CH4 + O2 + CO2 ⟶ 3H2 + 3CO + H2O
Siv chav;
4CH4 + O2 + 2H2O ⟶ 10H2 + 4CO
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Chav Hloov Kho thiab Autothermal Reforming?
Muaj ntau ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam uas autothermal hloov kho thiab chav methane hloov pauv yog cov feem ntau. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrocarbons nrog dej, thaum autothermal hloov kho siv oxygen thiab carbon dioxide lossis chav ua haujlwm nrog methane los tsim syngas. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv chav ua haujlwm yog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob endothermic thaum autothermal hloov kho yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm chav hloov kho thiab hloov kho autothermal hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Chav Reforming vs Autothermal Reforming
Reformers yog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo hauv kev sib xyaw tshuaj ntawm cov pa ntshiab hydrogen los ntawm methane nyob rau hauv muaj cov catalyst. Muaj ob hom khoom siv ua lub tshuab hloov pauv thiab autothermal hloov kho. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrocarbons nrog dej, thaum autothermal hloov kho siv oxygen thiab carbon dioxide lossis chav ua haujlwm nrog methane los tsim syngas.
