Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm thiab cov peev xwm osmotic yog tias cov dej muaj peev xwm yog qhov ntsuas ntawm cov dej dawb molecules thaum lub peev xwm osmotic yog qhov ntsuas qhov nyiam ntawm kev daws cov dej los ntawm cov dej ntshiab los ntawm ib nrab. -permeable membrane ntawm osmosis.
Dej muaj peev xwm thiab cov peev xwm daws tau lossis osmotic peev xwm yog ob qho kev ntsuas ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm dej. Cov dej muaj peev xwm piav qhia tias cov dej molecules tuaj yeem txav mus los hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb lossis cov kab ke. Osmotic peev xwm piav qhia txog lub zog ntawm cov dej molecules thaum muaj cov kuab tshuaj molecules hauv cov tshuaj. Solute molecules nyiam cov dej molecules thiab txwv lawv txoj kev ywj pheej txav. Ob qhov dej muaj peev xwm thiab qhov peev xwm osmotic yog ntsuas hauv Mpa. Lub peev xwm dej tuaj yeem yog xoom lossis tus nqi tsis zoo, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tus nqi zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej ntshiab muaj cov dej tsis muaj peev xwm thiab xoom osmotic muaj peev xwm.
Dej muaj peev xwm yog dab tsi?
Dej muaj peev xwm yog qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov concentration ntawm cov dej dawb molecules. Dawb dej molecules yog cov dej molecules uas tsis muaj kev txav mus los. Yog li ntawd, nws yog lub zog muaj peev xwm hauv dej. Tsab ntawv Greek ψ (psi) yog siv los qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm dej, thiab nws ntsuas los ntawm chav ntsuas siab: megapascals (MPa). Nws suav nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm Ψ=Ψs + Ψp + Ψg + Ψm. Ψs stands rau lub peev xwm solute, Ψp rau siab muaj peev xwm, Ψg rau gravitational muaj peev xwm, thiab Ψm rau matric muaj peev xwm.
Daim duab 01: Dej Muaj Peev Xwm
Dej ntshiab muaj dej tsis muaj peev xwm. Yog li, dej muaj peev xwm yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm hauv cov qauv dej thiab cov dej ntshiab. Ib qho piv txwv uas muaj cov kuab tshuaj muaj cov dej tsis zoo. Thaum muaj ntau cov kua dej molecules, cov dej molecules tsis tshua muaj kev ywj pheej; li no, muaj lub zog tsis zoo. Thaum cov concentration ntawm cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug qauv yog siab dua, lub zog ntawm cov dej molecules yog tsawg dua nyob rau hauv ib tug tov. Dej feem ntau txav los ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm siab mus rau qhov muaj peev xwm dej tsawg. Cov dej muaj peev xwm tsis coj tus nqi zoo.
Nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag, dej muaj peev xwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txav dej mus rau nplooj thiaj li ua tiav photosynthesis. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau txhawm rau txhawm rau txav dej ntawm cov av mus rau saum cov nroj tsuag.
Osmotic Potential yog dab tsi?
Osmotic peev xwm, tseem hu ua lub peev xwm daws tau, yog ib feem ntawm cov peev txheej dej. Nws yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm rau kev txav los ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm cov kua qaub qis dua mus rau siab dua cov kua dej. Osmotic peev xwm hauv dej ntshiab yog xoom. Cov tshuaj muaj qhov tsis zoo osmotic peev xwm. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kuab tshuaj ib txwm ua rau osmotic muaj peev xwm tsis zoo vim tias cov dej molecules yuav tsis tshua muaj kev ywj pheej los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj molecules. Feem ntau, osmotic muaj peev xwm txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm cov kua qaub concentration. Osmotic peev xwm yog qhia los ntawm Ψs thiab ntsuas hauv Mpa.
Daim duab 02: Osmotic Potential
Osmotic peev xwm tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej molecules txav los ntawm cov tshuaj hypotonic mus rau cov tshuaj hypertonic thoob plaws ib daim nyias nyias. Cov tshuaj hypotonic muaj cov kua dej tsawg dua thiab cov dej ntau dua thaum cov tshuaj hypertonic muaj cov kua dej ntau thiab dej tsawg. Qhov sib txawv ntawm osmotic muaj peev xwm ua rau lub zog ntawm cov dej los ntawm hypotonic mus rau hypertonic kua. Thaum lub peev xwm osmotic ntawm ob cheeb tsam lossis cov kev daws teeb meem zoo sib xws, tsis muaj kev txav ntawm cov dej molecules ntawm lawv, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem hu ua isotonic solutions.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Dej Muaj Peev Xwm thiab Osmotic Potential?
- Osmotic peev xwm yog ib feem ntawm dej muaj peev xwm.
- Dej muaj peev xwm thiab osmotic peev xwm yog xoom hauv dej ntshiab.
- Txhua qhov kev daws teeb meem muaj peev xwm dej tsis zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo osmotic.
- Lawv ntsuas hauv MPa.
- Nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, ob qho tib si dej muaj peev xwm thiab cov peev xwm daws tau qhov tsis zoo.
Qhov txawv ntawm Dej Muaj Peev Xwm thiab Osmotic Potential yog dab tsi?
Dej muaj peev xwm yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej hauv lub cev piv rau cov dej ntshiab thaum lub peev xwm osmotic yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov dej molecules kom txav los ntawm cov tshuaj hypotonic mus rau cov tshuaj hypertonic thoob plaws ib nrab permeable membrane ntawm osmosis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm thiab osmotic peev xwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej muaj peev xwm tshwm sim los ntawm kev txav ntawm cov dej dawb molecules nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb, thaum lub peev xwm osmotic tshwm sim vim cov kuab tshuaj yaj.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm dej thiab osmotic peev xwm.
Summary – Dej Muaj Peev Xwm vs Osmotic Peev Xwm
Dej muaj peev xwm yog qhov ntsuas ntawm lub zog muaj peev xwm hauv dej thaum lub peev xwm osmotic yog ib feem ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj cov kuab lom. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm osmotic yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj yaj. Dej muaj peev xwm (Ψ) yog sib npaug ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm siab (Ψp) + lub peev xwm osmotic (Ψs). Osmotic peev xwm yog ib qho ntawm ob feem ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm. Lub peev xwm dej hauv cov dej ntshiab yog xoom. Ib yam li ntawd, lub peev xwm osmotic hauv dej ntshiab yog xoom. Ob qho dej muaj peev xwm thiab osmotic muaj peev xwm ua tsis zoo thaum cov kuab tshuaj yaj hauv dej. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov dej muaj peev xwm thiab osmotic peev xwm.
