Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm wobble thiab degeneracy yog tias wobble yog hais txog qhov kev xav uas piav qhia qhov tsis yog-Watson thiab crick khub thaum codon thiab anticodon khi ntawm mRNA thiab tRNA. Lub caij no, qhov degeneracy ntawm codon yog lub peev xwm los tsim ib qho amino acid los ntawm ntau codons.
Lub hauv paus dogma ntawm molecular biology piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem uas qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov proteins. Thiab, cov txheej txheem no yog ib ntu ntawm cov kauj ruam sib txawv, suav nrog kev rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ua raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm DNA ib ntus rau hauv mRNA ib ntus thiab kev txhais lus ntawm mRNA ib ntus rau hauv cov kab ke amino acid.
Hauv kev txhais lus, cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm wobble hypothesis thiab degeneracy ntawm codon ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Wobble hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm ib leeg tRNA kom paub ntau tshaj ib codon. Nws ua rau lub degeneration ntawm codons. Degeneracy yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib qho amino acid yuav raug teev los ntawm ntau tshaj ib codon. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, degeneracy hais txog qhov muaj ntau tus lej rau ib qho amino acid.
Wobble yog dab tsi?
Lub wobble hypothesis yog ib qho kev xav tseem ceeb uas piav qhia qhov tsis yog Watson Crick puag ua khub uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus. Ntawm no, kev txhais lus yog cov txheej txheem molecular uas hloov mRNA codon rau hauv cov amino acid ib ntus. Raws li qhov kev xav no, thawj lub hauv paus ntawm tRNA anticodon muaj peev xwm ua ke nrog lub hauv paus thib peb ntawm codon hauv mRNA strand los ntawm non-Watson thiab Crick pairing qauv. Yog li, lawv tsis ua raws li cov qauv adenine-uracil binding lossis cytosine-guanine binding qauv. Nws yog lub npe hu ua wobbling qauv ntawm lub hauv paus 1 ntawm anticodon thiab lub hauv paus 3 ntawm lub codon.
Daim duab 01: Wobble Base Pairing
Cov kev sib tw wobble suav nrog Adenine thiab inosine ua khub tsis yog uracil. Uracil ua ke nrog Adenine, Guanine thiab Inosine. Ib yam li ntawd, Guanine thiab cytosine kuj muaj peev xwm ua ke nrog inosine. Yog li, inosine hauv tRNA yog ib qho ntawm cov hauv paus txawv txawv uas dhau los ua kev sib tw ua ke.
Lub wobble puag khi khi tsis tshua muaj zog vim nws tsis tas ua raws li Watson thiab Crick complementary binding. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tswv yim no ua rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm degeneracy ntawm txoj cai caj ces.
Dab tsi yog Degeneracy?
Degeneracy ntawm cov noob caj noob ces yog hais txog qhov rov ua dua ntawm txoj cai caj ces. Yog li, muaj peev xwm muaj ntau lub hauv paus ua ke ua ke uas qhia txog ib qho amino acid. Feem ntau, cov codon ntawm cov kab mob muaj peb lub hauv paus nucleotide. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm degeneracy, peb lub hauv paus kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem hloov pauv txawm tias lawv ua rau tib lub amino acid. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau tshaj 20 codons txawm tias tsuas muaj 20 amino acids nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Li no, degeneracy piav txog qhov muaj ntau yam codons rau ib qho amino acid.
Daim duab 02: Degeneracy
Nyob rau hauv degeneracy, lub hauv paus thib peb yuav hloov ntawm ob codons. Yog li, glutamic acid yog teev los ntawm ob lub codons GAA thiab GAG, thaum leucine yog teev los ntawm codons UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA thiab CUG.
Yog li ntawd, lub tswv yim ntawm degeneracy tseem ceeb heev hauv kev hloov pauv. Vim li no, taw tes kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv genome tuaj yeem zam tau thiab tseem zoo li ntsiag to. Yog li, hom kev hloov pauv no tsis ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv ntawm cov amino acid ib ntus. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov amino acid encoded, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj ntawm genotypic thiab phenotypic.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Wobble thiab Degeneracy?
- Ob qho tib si yog qhov tseem ceeb hypotheses uas tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej los piav qhia lub hauv paus dogma ntawm lub neej cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem txhais lus.
- Ntxiv mus, ob qho tib si txheej txheem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhais lus peb lub hauv paus codon lus rau 20 amino acid sequence.
- Cov txheej txheem no kuj pab cov qauv hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Wobble thiab Degeneracy yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm wobble thiab degeneracy feem ntau yog qhov tseeb tias wobbling ua rau degeneracy ntawm cov caj ces. Wobbling yog hais txog kev ua raws li tsis yog Watson thiab Crick ua khub ntawm codon's 3rd puag thiab anticodon's 1st puag. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, degeneracy yog lub peev xwm ntawm ntau triplet codon ob peb ua ke los encode ib tug amino acid.
Cov hauv qab no infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm wobble thiab degeneracy.
Summary – Wobble vs Degeneracy
Wobble hypothesis thiab degeneracy ntawm cov noob caj noob ces yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txhais lus. Ntawm no, kev txhais lus yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov triplet codons rau hauv cov amino acids. Hauv kev khi ntawm codon mus rau anticodon, qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm non-Watson thiab Crick puag khub yog hais txog kev xav wobble. Lub wobbling ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm codon thiab anticodon tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov no. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub degeneracy ntawm cov caj ces code uas ua rau lub wobbling txheej txheem yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib tug tib amino acid encoded los ntawm ntau yam codons. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm wobble thiab degeneracy.
