Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm capsid thiab nucleocapsid yog capsid yog lub tsho tiv thaiv protein uas nyob ib puag ncig nucleic acid ntawm tus kab mob thaum nucleocapsid yog capsid ua ke nrog cov nucleic acids ntawm tus kab mob.
Kab mob yog cov kab mob kis tau los ntawm nucleic acid molecules npog nrog cov protein capsids. Lawv yog cov me me heev uas tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob yog cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis tuaj yeem sib ntxiv yam tsis muaj tus tswv tsev lossis lub cell nyob. Cov kab mob qhia ob qho tib si nyob thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj sia nyob. Tus kab mob no muaj ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: kab mob genome thiab lub tsho tiv thaiv protein. Protein capsid npog lossis puag ncig cov kab mob genome thaum nucleocapsid hais txog lub capsid nrog cov genome hauv.
Capsid yog dab tsi?
Lub capsid yog ib qho ntawm ob qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lub plhaub protein uas nyob ib puag ncig lub genome ntawm cov kab mob kis. Yog li ntawd, lub capsid yog lub npog protein. Nws muaj ob peb oligomeric structural subunits ntawm proteins hu ua protomers. Ntau tus protomers (5 mus rau 6) sib sau ua ke ua cov protein subunits ntawm cov protein capsid hu ua capsomeres. Capsomeres tau teeb tsa hauv cov qauv meej thiab rov ua dua ib puag ncig nucleic acid. Cov capsomeres no yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws morphological units ntawm capsid uas tsuas pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab electron. Ib qho virion muaj ntau tus capsomeres.
Daim duab 01: Capsid
Protein capsid tuaj yeem npaj rau hauv cov duab sib txawv. Muaj peb cov duab yooj yim xws li helical, icosahedral lossis polyhedral thiab txoj kev teeb tsa. Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob muaj helical lossis icosahedral capsid cov qauv. Qee cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob kis kab mob (bacteriophages), muaj cov kab mob capsid nyuaj. Capsomeres tau koom ua ke nyob rau hauv cov kab mob helical. Hauv cov kab mob icosahedral, capsomeres tau teeb tsa hauv 20 lub ntsej muag sib npaug sib npaug.
Protein capsid ua haujlwm ntau yam. Nws tiv thaiv cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm virion particle. Nws kuj pab hloov cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Ntxiv mus, capsid pab nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb thiab kis kab mob vim nws muaj spikes. Spikes yog glycoprotein protrusions uas tuaj yeem khi nrog qee cov receptors ntawm tus tswv tsev cell.
Nucleocapsid yog dab tsi?
Tus kab mob no muaj cov txheej txheem protein ntau thiab cov hauv paus nucleic acid. Lub nucleocapsid yog kev sib xyaw ntawm capsid thiab nucleic acid core. Lub hauv paus nucleic acid muaj RNA lossis DNA, tab sis tsis yog DNA thiab RNA. Ntxiv mus, DNA tuaj yeem ua tau ib leeg lossis ob txoj hlua khi. Ib yam li ntawd, RNA tuaj yeem yog ib leeg-stranded lossis ob-stranded.
Daim duab 02: Nucleocapsids
Structurally, ib tug kab mob genome yog ntim rau hauv symmetric protein capsid. Yog li ntawd, lub capsid, ua ke nrog cov genome, tsim cov nucleocapsid ntawm tus kab mob. Cov kab mob liab qab tsuas muaj nucleocapsids xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob hauv hnab ntawv muaj lipid bilayer hu ua lub hnab ntawv nyob ib puag ncig nucleocapsid.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Capsid thiab Nucleocapsid?
- Capsid thiab nucleocapsid yog ob yam khoom ntawm tus kabmob.
- Lub capsid yog ib qho ntawm ob feem ntawm nucleocapsid.
- Ob lub qauv tseem ceeb heev rau kev muaj sia nyob thiab kis kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Capsid thiab Nucleocapsid yog dab tsi?
Lub capsid yog cov protein npog uas tiv thaiv thiab nyob ib puag ncig tus kab mob genome. Lub caij no, nucleocapsid yog lo lus uas hais txog tus kab mob genome thiab protein capsid ua ke. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm capsid thiab nucleocapsid. Ntxiv mus, nucleocapsid suav nrog cov kab mob genome, thaum capsid tsis suav nrog cov kab mob genome. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm capsid thiab nucleocapsid.
Summary – Capsid vs Nucleocapsid
Tus kab mob no yog tus kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob. Nws muaj cov khoom siv caj ces (DNA lossis RNA) nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv thaiv protein hu ua capsid. Ob leeg nucleic acid thiab capsid tsim cov nucleocapsid. Qee cov kab mob muaj lub hnab ntawv nyob ib puag ncig nucleocapsid. Cov kab mob liab qab tsuas muaj cov nucleocapsid xwb; lawv tsis muaj ib lub hnab ntawv. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm capsid thiab nucleocapsid.
