Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm capsid thiab capsomere yog capsid yog lub tsho tiv no cov protein uas nyob ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv kab mob genome thaum capsomere yog cov txheej txheem subunit ntawm viral capsid thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm ntau tus protomers ua ib chav tsev.
Viruses yog cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Lawv txhua tus kis tau thiab ua rau ntau hom kab mob rau cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, protists, kab mob thiab fungi. Muaj ob yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob. Lawv yog cov protein plhaub thiab cov nucleic acid genome. Protein plhaub, tseem hu ua capsid, yog tsim los ntawm cov proteins. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm capsid yog los tiv thaiv tus kab mob genome thiab pab hauv kev kis kab mob. Lub capsid muaj cov capsomeres, uas yog cov qauv thiab morphological subunits ntawm tus kab mob capsid. Capsomeres nws tus kheej sib sau ua ke zoo thiab muab cov duab rau tus kab mob capsid hauv txhua qhov kab mob. Raws li txoj cai, capsomere yog ib qho kev sib sau ntawm ntau tus protomers ua ib chav tsev.
Capsid yog dab tsi?
Lub capsid yog ib qho ntawm ob qho tseem ceeb hauv tus kab mob. Nws yog lub tsho tiv no protein uas nyob ib puag ncig cov kab mob genome. Lub capsid muaj ob peb oligomeric structural subunits ntawm proteins hu ua protomers. Ntau tus protomers (5 txog 6) sib sau ua ke ua cov protein subunits hu ua capsomeres. Capsomeres tau teeb tsa hauv cov qauv meej thiab rov ua dua ib puag ncig nucleic acid. Cov capsomeres no yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws morphological units ntawm capsid. Lawv tsuas pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab electron microscope. Ib qho virion muaj ntau tus capsomeres.
Protein capsid tuaj yeem npaj rau hauv cov duab sib txawv. Muaj peb cov duab yooj yim xws li helical, icosahedral lossis polyhedral thiab txoj kev teeb tsa. Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob muaj helical lossis icosahedral capsid cov qauv. Qee cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob kis kab mob (bacteriophages), muaj cov kab mob capsid nyuaj. Capsomeres tau koom ua ke nyob rau hauv cov kab mob helical. Hauv cov kab mob icosahedral, capsomeres tau teeb tsa hauv 20 lub ntsej muag sib npaug sib npaug.
Daim duab 01: Capsid
Protein capsid ua ntau txoj haujlwm. Nws tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm tus kab mob particle. Nws kuj tseem pab hloov cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Ntxiv mus, capsid pab nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb thiab kis kab mob vim nws muaj spikes. Spikes yog glycoprotein protrusions uas tuaj yeem khi nrog qee cov receptors ntawm tus tswv tsev cell.
Cassomere yog dab tsi?
Capsomeres yog cov txheej txheem protein subunits ntawm tus kab mob capsid. Qhov tseeb, lawv yog cov morphological subunits ntawm viral capsid. Raws li txoj cai, capsid yog ib qho kev sib sau ntawm capsomeres. Txhua lub capsomere muaj ntau tus protomers nws tus kheej sib sau ua ke. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsomeres tau npaj sib txawv hauv capsid txhawm rau muab cov duab rau tus kab mob capsid. Helical, icosahedral thiab complex yog peb hom kev npaj capsomere hauv cov kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev npaj ntawm capsomeres yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau tus kab mob tshwj xeeb.
Daim duab 02: Capsomere
Capsomeres koom ua ke ntawm intercapsomeric triplexes muaj ob daim ntawv luam ntawm ib qho protein thiab ib daim ntawv ntawm lwm tus. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua tus kab mob muaj tus lej tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm capsomeres. Tus kab mob siab B muaj icosahedral capsid muaj 180 capsomeres. Recombinant adenovirus muaj lub capsid muaj 252 capsomeres. Herpesviruses muaj 162 capsomeres hauv lawv cov capsids. Enterovirus muaj 60 capsomeres hauv nws capsid. Ib yam li ntawd, cov kab mob sib txawv muaj tus lej sib txawv ntawm capsomeres hauv lawv lub plhaub protein.
Capsomeres ua tiav ntau lub luag haujlwm hauv cov kab mob. Lawv tiv thaiv tus kab mob genome los ntawm lub cev, tshuaj thiab enzymatic puas. Ntxiv mus, capsomeres yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev qhia tus kab mob genome rau hauv cov tswv los ntawm adsorbing nkag mus rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tes.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Capsid thiab Capsomere?
- Capsid thiab capsomeres muaj nyob hauv cov kab mob.
- ob leeg yog tsim los ntawm cov protein.
- Capsomeres yog cov morphological units ntawm capsids.
- Qhov tseeb, lawv yog cov txheej txheem subunits ntawm lub capsid.
- Ob lub tsev yog lub luag haujlwm muab cov duab rau tus kabmob.
- Kev npaj ntawm ob lub qauv yog tshwj xeeb rau txhua tus kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Capsid thiab Capsomere yog dab tsi?
Lub capsid yog lub tsho tiv no protein uas nyob ib puag ncig nucleic acid genome ntawm tus kab mob particle. Hauv qhov sib piv, capsomere yog qhov yooj yim morphological subunit ntawm tus kab mob capsid. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm capsid thiab capsomere. Ntxiv mus, capsomeres nws tus kheej sib sau ua ke los tsim lub capsid. Lub caij no, protomers nws tus kheej sib sau ua ib lub capsomere. Tsis tas li, tus kab mob tsuas muaj ib qho capsid xwb, tab sis muaj ntau tus capsomeres hauv nws lub capsid.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm capsid yog los tiv thaiv kab mob genome, tab sis lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm capsomere yog ua kom lub capsid. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm capsid thiab capsomere.
Summary – Capsid vs Capsomere
A capsid yog ib qho ntawm ob feem ntawm tus kab mob. Nws yog lub tsho tiv no protein uas nyob ib puag ncig cov kab mob genome. Tab sis, tus kab mob capsid yog tsim los ntawm capsomeres, uas yog ib tus neeg cov proteins uas muaj cov protomers. Yog li, capsomeres yog cov txheej txheem subunits ntawm tus kab mob capsid. Kev npaj ntawm capsomeres muab cov duab los yog symmetry rau ib tus kab mob tshwj xeeb. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm capsid thiab capsomere.
