Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Ua tiav vs Tsis tiav Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim los ntawm B hlwb thiab yog immunoglobulins uas koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yog cov chav sib txawv nyob ntawm nws cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm, lawv hom tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab muaj cov khoom siv ntxiv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau ib qho antigen thiab yog li, kuj hu ua antigenic determinants. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv paub txog ib qho antigen, nws khi rau cov antigen tshwj xeeb los tsim cov antigen-antibody complex. Txoj kev tsim yuav nws thiaj li qhib kev tiv thaiv mechanisms lossis ncaj qha degrade lub cev txawv teb chaws uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Agglutination yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob-antigen uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev. Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khi rau cov antigen thiab tsim cov complex uas nws thiaj li clump ua ke. Raws li cov cuab yeej ntawm agglutination, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom loj; ua kom tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav.
Txawm tias ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj peev xwm agglutination nrog antigens tom qab pom cov antigen, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom agglutination. Hloov chaw nws tsuas yog koom nrog kev lees paub thiab txheeb xyuas cov antigens. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua tiav thiab tsis tiav yog qhov muaj peev xwm lossis tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm agglutination.
Dab tsi yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav?
Ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib hom B cell immunoglobulins uas koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv agglutination tom qab khi nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los khi rau antigens thiab tsim pawg lossis agglutins, uas ua rau muaj phagocytes los txheeb xyuas qhov loj txawv teb chaws. Immunoglobulin G yog ib hom kab mob ua tiav. Qhov no yuav ua rau kev ua kom cov tswv cuab tiv thaiv mechanisms. Qhov no yuav engulf lub complex tag nrho. Ob daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hemagglutination thiab leukoagglutination. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim los ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov qe ntshav dawb yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua tiav thiab yog li koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv agglutination. Yog li ntawd, cov kev ntsuam xyuas agglutination no tau ua tiav thaum lub sij hawm muab cov ntshav los kuaj xyuas qhov sib txuam ntawm cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg pub dawb thiab tus neeg txais. Yog hais tias lub agglutination tshwm sim, cov ntshav pawg tsis sib xws thiab vice versa. Ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem tsim tawm los tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua tiav no tsim agglutinations nrog cov kab mob kab mob thiab pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv phagocytic.
Agglutination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog li siv dav hauv kev kuaj mob txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov kab mob kab mob. Synthetic tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raug kuaj hauv vitro rau tus neeg mob cov ntshav kuaj, thiab muaj cov agglutins pom zoo rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev sim no yog qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg siab.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav yog dab tsi?
cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav yog feem ntau immunoglobulin M, thiab lawv tsis koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv agglutination thaum khi rau cov antigen. Hloov chaw, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tsim los teb rau ib qho antigen. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv cov ntshav ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dawb los ntawm kev siv antiglobulins. Qhov kev xeem no raug xa mus rau Coombs 'test.
Fig 02: Coombs 'test
Hauv qhov kev sim no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav raug tso cai los khi rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws, cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb hu ua antiglobulins. Qhov no yog tshuaj xyuas txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntshav. Los ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem xeem no, ib qho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas thiab ua raws. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav yog koom nrog hauv kev ua kom tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis yog agglutination.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav thiab tsis tiav?
- ob leeg yog tsim los ntawm B hlwb.
- Ob leeg qhia qhov tshwj xeeb.
- Ob leeg koom nrog hauv kev lees paub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txawv teb chaws.
- Ob leeg yog siv rau hauv vitro diagnostic cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los txiav txim qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob.
- Cov qauv xws li ntshav lossis ntshav tuaj yeem siv rau kev kuaj mob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav thiab tsis tiav?
Complete Antibodies vs Incomplete Antibodies |
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| Ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm tsim cov agglutinations nrog antigens tom qab pom cov antigen. | Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav tsis tsim Tshwm sim, nws tsuas yog tsim cov lus teb rau cov antigens. |
| Ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua kom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob los yog agglutinations. | complex tsim nrog antigen tsis tshwm sim hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav. Li no, lawv nyob twj ywm li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dawb hauv teb rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. |
| Type of test reactions | |
| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Agglutination yog kuaj pom raws li kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tag nrho. | Coombs 'kev xeem - kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntshav ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav uas siv cov tshuaj antiglobulins ua tiav rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav. |
| Examples | |
| Immunoglobulin G thiab cov ntshav pab pawg tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tag nrho. | Immunoglobulin M yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tiav. |
Summary – Ua tiav vs Tsis tiav Antibodies
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev thiab koom nrog kev tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev los ntawm kev tawm tsam sab nraud los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis lossis cov khoom txawv teb chaws. Kev txheeb xyuas lub cev txawv teb chaws no yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj no tshwm sim. Ua kom tiav thiab tsis tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas txawv ntawm lawv lub peev xwm thiab tsis muaj peev xwm koom nrog hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv agglutination. Vim yog qhov sib piv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua tiav thiab tsis tiav, cov txheej txheem kuaj mob raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no kuj txawv heev. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov ua tiav thiab tsis tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Download the PDF Version of Complete vs Incomplete Antibodies
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv ntawm Kev Ua tiav thiab Tsis tiav Antibodies
