Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes yog tias homologous chromosomes yog chromosomes nrog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv thaum homeologous chromosomes yog chromosomes uas muaj qhov tsis meej pem thiab yog ib feem ntawm homologous.
Chromosomes yog cov khoom siv uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv caj ces ntawm lub cev. Cov khoom siv nuclear hauv eukaryotes yog npaj los tsim cov chromosomes, uas yog cov qauv tsim ntawm nucleic acids thiab cov proteins. Ntxiv mus, muaj ntau hom chromosomes raws li qhov uas lawv tau txais kev faib tawm ntawm tes. Homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes yog ob hom chromosomes uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm noob caj noob ces.
Homologous Chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Homologous chromosomes yog cov chromosomes uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv ntev, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov noob thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub centromere. Txawm li cas los xij, cov alleles hauv chromosomes yuav txawv, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm tib niam txiv. Hauv tib neeg, muaj 23 khub ntawm chromosomes. Ntawm cov 23 khub no, 22 yog homologous chromosome khub thiab cov khub ntxiv yog khub niam txiv chromosome. Nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, kev sib deev chromosome khub yog homologous thaum nyob rau hauv txiv neej, nws tsis yog homologous.
Daim duab 01: Homologous Chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ob hom kev faib cell: mitosis thiab meiosis. Hauv meiosis, homologous chromosomes hla dhau thiab kev sib txuas ntawm caj ces. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm caj ces hla ntawm homologous chromosomes plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem evolution. Thaum lub sij hawm mitosis, homologous chromosomes tsis raug genetic cross-over. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tsawg dua; yog li ntawd, cov ntxhais cell zoo ib yam li niam txiv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm faib ntawm tes tuaj yeem ua rau hloov pauv phenotypes, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv homologous chromosomes.
Ntxiv rau, homologous chromosomes qhia txog poj koob yawm txwv thiab muaj peev xwm rov ua dua lawv tus kheej thaum lub sijhawm rov ua dua ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes.
Homeologous Chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Homeologous chromosomes tsis nruj me ntsis homologous hauv xwm. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhia qhov tsis meej pem hauv lawv qhov tsim. Lawv tshwm sim vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm polyploidy tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Polyploidy yog qhov xwm txheej uas lub cev muaj peev xwm muaj ntau tshaj ib khub ntawm homologous chromosome. Yog li, homeologous chromosomes yog qhov tseeb tseem ceeb hauv kev kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm caj ces tshwm sim los ntawm polyploidy.
Homeologous chromosomes tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm meiosis uas cov chromosomes faib tsis sib npaug vim yog mob polyploid. Yog li, cov chromosomes feem ntau nqa cov noob uas tshwm sim los ntawm polyploidy. Sib nrug los ntawm kev tshawb fawb polyploidy, homeologous chromosomes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev siv caj ces xws li kev tshawb nrhiav caj ces, kev tshawb fawb cytogenetic, evolutionary biology thiab computational biology, thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Homologous thiab Homeologous Chromosomes?
- Ob hom chromosomes koom nrog hauv kev faib cell los ntawm meiosis thiab mitosis.
- Lawv ua rau cov yam ntxwv phenotypic.
- Ob leeg tuaj yeem pom qhov sib xws ntawm phylogenetic.
- Cov qauv ntawm homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes yuav zoo sib xws.
Qhov txawv ntawm Homologous thiab Homeologous Chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes txawv feem ntau ntawm lawv homology li homologous chromosomes tau ua tiav homology thaum homeologous chromosomes tau txais ib nrab homology. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm polyploidy, uas ua rau tsuas yog homeologous chromosomes thiab tsis nyob rau hauv homologous chromosomes. Kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes raws li lawv cov caj ces muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes.
Summary – Homologous vs Homeologous Chromosomes
Homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes yog ob hom chromosomes raws li homology. Homologous chromosomes qhia ua tiav homology ntawm chromosomes thaum homeologous chromosomes qhia ib nrab homology ntawm ob chromosomes. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm homologous thiab homeologous chromosomes. Homeologous chromosomes tshwm sim vim muaj qhov tshwm sim hu ua polyploidy, uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm lub voj voog ntawm tes. Txawm li cas los xij, homeologous chromosomes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib txuas thiab cytogenetics.
