Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers yog cov qauv isomers muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam, tab sis txawv atomic kev npaj, whereas cov stereoisomers muaj tib cov tshuaj formula thiab atomic kev npaj, tab sis txawv spatial kev npaj.
Isomerism yog ib lub tswv yim tshuaj uas piav txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas nrog tib cov tshuaj formula thiab cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab lub cev. Ntxiv mus, ob pawg loj ntawm isomers yog cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers.
Yuav ua li cas yog tus qauv Isomers?
Structural isomers lossis kev cai isomers yog cov organic molecules uas muaj tib cov tshuaj formula, tab sis txawv atomic kev npaj. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov atom ntawm cov molecule raug khi rau ib leeg hauv ntau txoj kev. Muaj peb pawg loj ntawm cov molecules raws li hauv qab no:
- chain isomers
- Txoj Haujlwm isomerism
- Functional pawg isomerism
Daim duab 1: Cov qauv isomers ntawm tib lub Compound
Chain isomers muaj cov kab sib txawv sib txawv; Piv txwv li: C5H12 Txoj hauj lwm isomers muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon sib txawv hauv tib cov saw hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pab pawg ua haujlwm isomers muaj tib cov tshuaj formula, tab sis ib pab pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ob chav kawm ntxiv ntawm cov qauv isomers li metamerism thiab tautomerism.
Stereoisomers yog dab tsi?
Stereoisomers yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj tib lub qauv tshuaj thiab cov qauv atomic, tab sis lawv muaj qhov sib txawv spatial. Ntxiv mus, muaj ob pawg ntawm stereoisomers li geometric isomers thiab optical isomers.
Daim duab 2: Stereoisomers ntawm Octane
Geometric isomers yog qhov peb hu ua cis-trans isomers. Ib txwm muaj ob isomers li cis isomer thiab trans isomer. Yog li ntawd, lawv ib txwm tshwm sim ua khub. Ntxiv mus, ib qho organic compound yuav tsum muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus thiaj li yuav muaj geometric isomers. Ntawm no, cov isomers sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li qhov txuas ntawm pawg ua haujlwm rau cov vinyl carbon atoms (carbon atoms hauv ob daim ntawv cog lus).
Tsis tas li ntawd, optical isomers yog cov molecules nrog chiral carbon atoms. Ib qho chiral carbon atom muaj plaub pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv txuas rau tib lub atom carbon. Yog li ntawd, ib qho isomer txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv raws li kev npaj ntawm plaub pawg sib txawv; Ntawm no, ib qho isomer ua raws li daim iav uas tsis yog superimposable ntawm lwm tus.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cov Qauv Isomers thiab Stereoisomers yog dab tsi?
Ob pawg loj ntawm isomers yog cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers yog cov qauv isomers muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam, tab sis txawv atomic kev npaj whereas stereoisomers muaj tib cov tshuaj formula thiab atomic kev npaj, tab sis txawv spatial kev npaj. Ntxiv mus, cov qauv isomers muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov atoms thaum stereoisomers muaj tib qhov kev npaj ntawm atoms.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv saum toj no ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers. Qhov ntawd yog; Cov txheej txheem isomers muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev sib txawv thaum cov stereoisomers muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev zoo sib xws.
Summary – Cov qauv isomers vs Stereoisomers
Isomers yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov tshuaj tib yam, tab sis cov kev npaj atomic txawv ntawm ib leeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv isomers thiab stereoisomers yog cov qauv isomers muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam, tab sis txawv atomic kev npaj, whereas stereoisomers muaj tib cov tshuaj formula thiab atomic kev npaj, tab sis txawv spatial kev npaj.
