Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionizing thiab tsis ionizing hluav taws xob yog tias Ionizing hluav taws xob muaj zog ntau dua li cov hluav taws xob tsis-ionizing.
Radiation yog txheej txheem uas nthwv dej lossis lub zog hais lus (xws li Gamma rays, x-rays, photons) taug kev los ntawm qhov nruab nrab lossis qhov chaw. Radioactivity yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub cev muaj zog nuclear uas ua rau muaj cov ntsiab lus tshiab. Hauv lwm lo lus, radioactivity yog lub peev xwm tso tawm hluav taws xob. Muaj ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm atom, lub nucleus yog ruaj khov. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov nuclei ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm neutrons rau protons piv; yog li ntawd, lawv tsis ruaj khov. Li no, kom ruaj khov, cov nuclei no yuav tawm cov khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem no hu ua radioactive decay. Cov emissions yog qhov peb hu ua hluav taws xob. Radiation tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li ionizing lossis tsis ionizing daim ntawv.
Ionizing Radiation yog dab tsi?
Ionising hluav taws xob muaj lub zog siab, thiab thaum nws sib tsoo nrog lub atom, lub atom raug ionisation, emitting lwm particle (xws li electron) los yog photons. Lub emission photon los yog particle yog hluav taws xob. Thawj cov hluav taws xob yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau ionise lwm cov ntaub ntawv kom txog thaum tag nrho nws lub zog dhau lawm. Alpha emission, beta emission, X-rays, thiab gamma rays yog hom hluav taws xob ionizing.
Muaj, alpha particles muaj cov nqi zoo, thiab lawv zoo ib yam li cov nucleus ntawm Helium atom. Lawv tuaj yeem taug kev hla qhov deb heev (piv txwv li ob peb centimeters), thiab lawv taug kev ncaj nraim. Ntxiv mus, lawv cuam tshuam nrog lub orbital electrons hauv nruab nrab los ntawm Coulombic kev sib cuam tshuam. Vim cov kev sib tshuam no, qhov nruab nrab tau zoo siab thiab ionized. Thaum kawg ntawm txoj kab, tag nrho cov alpha hais ua Helium atoms.
Daim duab 01: Cov cim cim rau Ionizing Radiation
Ntawm qhov tod tes, beta hais zoo ib yam li electrons loj thiab nqi. Yog li ntawd, repulsion tshwm sim sib npaug thaum lawv taug kev los ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Ib tug loj deflection nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshwm sim thaum lawv ntsib electrons nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Raws li qhov no tshwm sim, nruab nrab tau ionized. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov beta hais mus rau hauv txoj kev zigzag; Yog li, lawv tuaj yeem taug kev deb dua li alpha hais.
Txawm li cas los xij, gamma thiab x-rays yog photons, tsis yog cov khoom. Gamma rays tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug nucleus thaum x-rays tsim nyob rau hauv lub electron plhaub ntawm ib tug atom. Gamma hluav taws xob cuam tshuam nrog nruab nrab hauv peb txoj hauv kev raws li cov nyhuv photoelectric, Compton nyhuv, thiab khub ntau lawm. Cov nyhuv photoelectric yog qhov tshwm sim ntau dua nrog kev sib txuas cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov atoms hauv nruab nrab thiab qis zog gamma rays. Hauv qhov sib piv, Compton Effect yog qhov muaj feem ntau nrog xoob khi electrons ntawm atoms hauv nruab nrab. Hauv kev ua khub, gamma rays cuam tshuam nrog atoms nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab tsim electron-positron khub.
Dab tsi yog Ionizing Radiation?
Tsis yog ionizing hluav taws xob tsis tawm cov khoom los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv, vim tias lawv lub zog tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj lub zog txaus los txhawb cov electrons los ntawm qib av mus rau qib siab dua. Lawv yog hluav taws xob electromagnetic; Yog li, muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ua ke mus rau ib leeg thiab cov kev taw qhia yoj propagation.
Daim duab 02: Ionizing thiab Tsis ionizing Radiation
Ntxiv mus, Ultraviolet, infrared, pom lub teeb thiab microwave yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm tsis muaj hluav taws xob ionizing.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ionizing thiab Tsis Ionizing Radiation yog dab tsi?
Cov emissions ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis ruaj khov nuclei ntawm cov xov tooj cua yog qhov peb hu ua radioactive decay. Cov emissions no yog cov hluav taws xob. Muaj ob hom ionizing thiab tsis-ionizing hluav taws xob. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionizing thiab tsis ionizing hluav taws xob yog tias Ionizing hluav taws xob muaj zog ntau dua li cov hluav taws xob tsis muaj ionizing.
Raws li lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionizing thiab tsis ionizing hluav taws xob, ionizing hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tawm hluav taws xob lossis lwm yam khoom los ntawm atoms thaum lawv sib tsoo thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob ionizing tsis tuaj yeem tawm cov khoom los ntawm lub atom. Nyob ntawd, nws tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau cov electrons los ntawm qib qis mus rau qib siab dua thaum ntsib.
Summary – Ionizing vs Non Ionizing Radiation
Radiation yog txheej txheem uas nthwv dej lossis lub zog hais tawm mus los ntawm qhov nruab nrab lossis qhov chaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ionizing thiab tsis ionizing hluav taws xob yog tias ionizing hluav taws xob muaj zog dua li cov hluav taws xob tsis muaj ionizing.
